Cellular Biology Flashcards
Explain the function of the nucleus:
The nucleus is the cellular control center. Is stores all the genetic information that coordinates the synthesis of proteins.
Describe the external structure of the nucleus:
The nucleus has a nuclear envelope and on that envelope are nuclear pores. The envelope is responsible for creating a barrier between the cytoplasm and the intracellular components of the nucleus. The pores are essential in to chemical communication.
Describe the internal structures of the nucleus:
The nucleoplasm is a gel-liked that provides structural support and also plays a role in the genetic activity. In the very center of the nucleus you have the nucleoli which is where ribosomal RNA is created.
Describe the structure of Peroxisomes:
Sacs that contain degradative enzymes
What is the function of Peroxisomes?
Breaks down organic compounds and neutralizes toxic compounds in the process
Describe the structure and explain the function of a lysosome:
Vesicles that contain digestive enzymes that break down organic compounds and damaged cellular material.
What is the function of a Microvilli, how does its form contribute to that function?
Extensions of the membrane that have microfilament. These extensions increase the surface area that increases the absorption of extracellular material
Describe the general structure of the Golgi Apparatus:
How does its form give rise to its function?
Considered the post office of the cell. It functions to store, package, and alter synthesizes proteins. The stacks of flattened membranes have chambers that help to facilitate its function.
Describe the smooth and rough ER?
The smooth ER lacks fixed ribosomes while ribosomes are bound to the membrane of the rough ER.
What is the function of the Rough ER?
modifies and packages newly synthesized proteins and sends them to the Golgi
Describe the structure of a ribosome? What is its function?
Composed of RNA and proteins it functions to synthesize proteins
Describe the general structure of cytoskeleton? How does its form give rise to its function?
The cytoskeleton is composed of microfilaments and microtubules that helps to strengthen and support the cell. It also aids in the movement of cellular structures and materials.
