Cellular and Molecular Biology

Question 1

What are the 4 key polysaccharides and their functions?

Answer 1

glycogen - stores energy in animals 
starch - stores energy in plants 
cellulose - plant cell walls 
fungi - exoskeleton in arthropods and cell wall      
           in mushrooms

Question 2

What are the 5 key lipids and their functions?

Answer 2

triglycerides - stores energy in animals
phospholipids - cell membranes 
steroids - hormones 
cholesterol - support membrane 
bile - emulsifies fats

Question 3

Identification of glycerol?

Answer 3

lipid

Question 4

Describe the 4 protein levels of structure.

Answer 4

Primary: a linear sequence of amino acids
Secondary: regular coils or folds
Tertiary: interactions between different areas of
the protein to for overall 3D shape
Quaternary: the interactions between
polypeptides in proteins with more
than one subunit

Question 5

What are the three disaccharides and which monosaccharides make them up?

Answer 5

glucose + glucose = maltose
glucose + fructose = sucrose
glucose + galactose = lactose