Cellular Adaptation

Question 1

Define hyperplasia

Answer 1

Increase in tissue or organ size due to increase cell numbers

Question 2

Define hypertrophy

Answer 2

Increase in tissue or organ size due to an increase in cell size and NOT due o increase of cell numbers

Question 3

Define atrophy

Answer 3

Shrinkage of a tissue or organ due to an acquired decrease in size and/or number of cells

Question 4

Define metaplasia

Answer 4

Reversible change of one differentiated cell type to another

Question 5

Define aplasia

Answer 5

Complete failure of a specific tissue or organ to develop

Question 6

Define hypoplasia

Answer 6

Incomplete development of a tissue or organ

Question 7

Define dysplasia

Answer 7

Abnormal maturation of cells within a cell

Question 8

Define atresia

Answer 8

“No orifice” - congenital imperforation of an opening

Question 9

Define involution

Answer 9

Programmed shrinkage of an organ (uterus postpartum, thymus in early life & temporary foetal organs like mesonephros

Overlaps with atrophy

Question 10

Define regeneration

Answer 10

Replacement of cell losses by identical cells to maintain tissue or organ size