Cells vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

A microscope having one lens or lens system such as a magnifying glass hand lens

A

Simple microscope

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2
Q

A microscope that uses two sets of lenses- and objective lens and an eyepiece to magnify

A

Compound light microscope

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3
Q

Is a type of microscope that uses electrons to create an image of the target. It has much higher magnification or resolving power than a normal light microscope.

A

Electron microscope

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4
Q

A binocular microscope that gives a relatively low-power stereoscopic view of the subject.

A

Stereo microscope

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5
Q

Smallest unit of an organism that can carry on life functions

A

Cells

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6
Q

A group of similar cells that work together to do one job

A

Tissue

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7
Q

Structures such as the heart, made up of different types of tissues that all work together.

A

Organs

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8
Q

Groups of organs working together

A

Organ System

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9
Q

Any living thing

A

Organism

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10
Q

Protective outer covering of all cells that regulates the interaction between the cell and the environment.

A

Cell membrane

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11
Q

Cytoplasmic organelle that moves materials around in a cell.

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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12
Q

States that all organisms are made up of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells come from other cells.

A

Cell theory

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13
Q

Organelle that controls all the activities of a cell and contains hereditary material made of proteins and DNA.

A

Nucleus

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14
Q

Constantly moving gel-like mixture inside the cell membrane that contains hereditary material and is the location of most of a cell’s life processes.

A

Cytoplasm

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15
Q

Are involved with various cell processes. They break down excess or worn-out cell parts. They may be used to destroy invading viruses and bacteria.

A

Lysosomes

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16
Q

A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells.

A

Ribosome

17
Q

A space or vesicles within the cytoplasm of a cell enclosed by a membrane and typically containing water, waste products, food and other cellular materials.V

A

Vacuoles

18
Q

Organelles that package cellular materials and transport them within the cell or out of the cell.

A

Golgi bodies

19
Q

Cell organelle that breaks down food and releases energy.

A

Mitochondria

20
Q

Experimental technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease.

A

Gene therapy

21
Q

Deoxyribonucleic acid; The genetics material of all organisms: made up of two twisted strands of sugar phosphate molecules and nitrogen bases.

A

DNA

22
Q

Living cell in which a virus can actively multiply or in which a virus can hide until activated by environmental stimuli.

A

Host cell

23
Q

An infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat, is too small to be seen by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host.

A

Virus

24
Q

After entering a cell, an active virus immediately goes into action. The virus’s genetic material takes over the cell functions, and the cell quickly begins to reproduce. When it is full of new viruses, the host cell bursts open, releasing hundreds of new viruses as it dies.

A

Active virus

25
Q

Has the ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant or latent within a cell.

A

Latent virus

26
Q

Preparation made from killed bacteria or damaged particles from bacterial cell walls or viruses that can prevent some bacterial and viral diseases.

A

Vaccine

27
Q

Green, light-trapping pigment in plant chloroplasts that is important in photosynthesis.

A

Chlorophyll

28
Q

In plant cells, food is made in green organelles in the cytoplasm.

A

Chloroplast

29
Q

A rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, algae, fungi, and most bacteria.

A

Cell wall

30
Q

A scientist in the 1830s who concluded that all plants are made of cells.

A

Schleiden

31
Q

A scientist who concluded that all animals are made up of cells.

A

Schwann

32
Q

A scientist whose observations and conclusions and those of others are summarized in the cell theory. He proposed that every cell came from a cell that already existed.

A

Virchow