Cells vocabulary Flashcards
A microscope having one lens or lens system such as a magnifying glass hand lens
Simple microscope
A microscope that uses two sets of lenses- and objective lens and an eyepiece to magnify
Compound light microscope
Is a type of microscope that uses electrons to create an image of the target. It has much higher magnification or resolving power than a normal light microscope.
Electron microscope
A binocular microscope that gives a relatively low-power stereoscopic view of the subject.
Stereo microscope
Smallest unit of an organism that can carry on life functions
Cells
A group of similar cells that work together to do one job
Tissue
Structures such as the heart, made up of different types of tissues that all work together.
Organs
Groups of organs working together
Organ System
Any living thing
Organism
Protective outer covering of all cells that regulates the interaction between the cell and the environment.
Cell membrane
Cytoplasmic organelle that moves materials around in a cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum
States that all organisms are made up of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells come from other cells.
Cell theory
Organelle that controls all the activities of a cell and contains hereditary material made of proteins and DNA.
Nucleus
Constantly moving gel-like mixture inside the cell membrane that contains hereditary material and is the location of most of a cell’s life processes.
Cytoplasm
Are involved with various cell processes. They break down excess or worn-out cell parts. They may be used to destroy invading viruses and bacteria.
Lysosomes
A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells.
Ribosome
A space or vesicles within the cytoplasm of a cell enclosed by a membrane and typically containing water, waste products, food and other cellular materials.V
Vacuoles
Organelles that package cellular materials and transport them within the cell or out of the cell.
Golgi bodies
Cell organelle that breaks down food and releases energy.
Mitochondria
Experimental technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease.
Gene therapy
Deoxyribonucleic acid; The genetics material of all organisms: made up of two twisted strands of sugar phosphate molecules and nitrogen bases.
DNA
Living cell in which a virus can actively multiply or in which a virus can hide until activated by environmental stimuli.
Host cell
An infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat, is too small to be seen by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host.
Virus
After entering a cell, an active virus immediately goes into action. The virus’s genetic material takes over the cell functions, and the cell quickly begins to reproduce. When it is full of new viruses, the host cell bursts open, releasing hundreds of new viruses as it dies.
Active virus
Has the ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant or latent within a cell.
Latent virus
Preparation made from killed bacteria or damaged particles from bacterial cell walls or viruses that can prevent some bacterial and viral diseases.
Vaccine
Green, light-trapping pigment in plant chloroplasts that is important in photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll
In plant cells, food is made in green organelles in the cytoplasm.
Chloroplast
A rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, algae, fungi, and most bacteria.
Cell wall
A scientist in the 1830s who concluded that all plants are made of cells.
Schleiden
A scientist who concluded that all animals are made up of cells.
Schwann
A scientist whose observations and conclusions and those of others are summarized in the cell theory. He proposed that every cell came from a cell that already existed.
Virchow
