Cells, Tissues, Organs Flashcards
What are fibroblasts?
cells that secrete both matrix & protein
Describe adipose tissue
Loose connective tissue Stores fat - energy store Hormones regulate the levels Found surrounding tissues and organs Gives protection to blood vessels
Describe adipose tissue in marine mammals
Blubber
Specific to marine mammals
Energy, insulation, buoyancy, protection
Vascularised tissue
Describe collagen fibres
Collagen - a glycoprotein
Tendons and ligaments
Tendons attach muscles to bones
What are fibroblasts?
synthesise extracellular matrix and collagen - the most common cells of connective tissue in animals with varying morphology according to their location
What is cartilage?
Collagen fibres in rubbery matrix of chondroitin sulphate (a protein-carbohydrate complex)
Secreted by cells called chondrocytes
Resists compression (shock absorber)
What is bone?
A mineralised-matrix of collagen fibres impregnated by salts eg Calcium Phosphate
Secreted by cells called osteoblasts (these become osteoblasts in fully formed bone)
More rigid than cartilage, but not brittle
What is the difference between compact bone and spongy bone?
Compact bone gives strength and is found on the outer surface of bones
Spongy bone is more delicate - found in the centre and at the end of bones
What two cells are responsible for the remodelling of bone throughout your life?
Osteoclasts and osteoblasts
Describe bone marrow
Found in the centre of bone
Red bone marrow is where blood cells are made, yellow contains mostly fat
T/F There is no blood supply to the bones
FALSE
There is a blood supply to get nutrients in and waste out of the bone
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
Cardiac muscle
Found in the heart
Structure: Striated
Control: involuntary
Power: high
Skeletal muscle
Found in limbs
Structure: striated
Control: voluntary
Power: high
Smooth muscle
Found in gut, blood vessels
Structure: non-striated
Control: involuntary
Power: low
