Cells & Tissues of the plant body Flashcards
What is a cell?
is the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently
What is a plant tissue?
groups of cells that are structurally and/or functionally distinct.
What is primary growth?
Initiated by the apical meristems and primarily involved with extension of the plant body— often the vertical growth of a plant
What is secondary growth?
thickens the stem and root, results from
the activity of lateral meristem
What is the meristem?
The tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated
cells.
It is found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.
What are apical meristems?
Meristems (tissue of undifferentiated cells) that are:
- Found at the tips of all roots and stems
- Involved primarily with extension of the plant body
What are “initials” cells?
Cells that maintain the meristem by providing a constant source of new cells
What are “derivative” cells?
New body cells derived from initials
What benefit is there to using apical meristem culture to produce new plants?
They are a virus free segment of the plant, therefore if original plant is viral, this will produce genetically identical yet virus free.
What are the 3 primary meristems and the primary tissues they supply?
Protoderm –> Epidermis
Ground meristem –> Ground tissues
Procambium –> Primary xylem and phloem
What does plant growth involve?
- cell division and enlargement
- irreversible increase in size
What is morphogenesis?
Plant development to assume a particular shape or
form.
Involves the expansion of tissue which is then followed by another event called ‘differentiation’
What is differentiation?
Cells change to specialise
Differentiation begins during cell enlargement
The fate of a plant cell is determined by its final position in the developing organ
What is a simple tissue?
Composed of only one type of cell
What is a complex tissue?
Composed of two or more cell types