cells tissues and organisms

Question 1

4.25cm is equal to how many micrometres?

Answer 1

4.25 x 10 4 micrometres.

Question 2

Electron microscopes have a greater resolution and magnification because electrons have what kind of wavelength?

Answer 2

Shorter.

Question 3

Organisms can be classified as viruses …………….. and eukaryotes.

Answer 3

Prokaryotes.

Question 4

Define prokaryotes.

Answer 4

Organisms in which the nucleus and organelles are not membrane bound.

Question 5

Define eukaryotes.

Answer 5

Cells that contain a distinct membrane bound nucleus.

Question 6

What is the basic cell structure of a cell membrane called?

Answer 6

Fluid mosaic.

Question 7

How wide is the membrane of a cell?

Answer 7

7.5 nanometres.

Question 8

What are human cell walls comprised of?

Answer 8

Phospholipid layer and proteins.

Question 9

Name four ways that substances can enter and leave a cell.

Answer 9

Diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion and active transport.

Question 10

In what form does active transport require energy?

Answer 10

ATP.

Question 11

How can organelles be isolated?

Answer 11

Cell fractionation.

Question 12

What structure does the nucleus enclose and protect?

Answer 12

DNA.

Question 13

What does DNA do?

Answer 13

Controls the activities of the cell.

Question 14

What is the inner membrane of the mitochondrion folded into?

Answer 14

(Agatha) Cristae.

Question 15

What are cristae the site of?

Answer 15

ETC (electron transport chain).

Question 16

What is an electron transport chain?

Answer 16

Carrier molecules within the mitochondrial membrane that form a pathway in aerobic metabolism.

Question 17

What is aerobic metabolism?

Answer 17

The series of processes that living cells go through to produce energy through the oxidation of organic substances.

Question 18

What cycle takes place in the matrix?

Answer 18

Krebs Cycle.

Question 19

What is the matrix?

Answer 19

The site of oxidation in the mitochondrion.

Tissue in which more specialised structures are embedded.

Question 20

What is the Krebs Cycle?

Answer 20

Very important process in cellular respiration.

Produces high energy molecules that in turn act as electron carriers in the electron transport chain.

Also called the Citric Acid Cycle.

Question 21

What does amphibolic mean?

Answer 21

A process that both creates (anabolic) and destroys (catabolic) molecules.

Question 22

What is rough endoplasmic reticulum covered in?

Answer 22

Ribosomes.

Question 23

What are ribosomes?

Answer 23

Protein synthesisers.

Question 24

In a chloroplast where do the light dependent reactions take place?

Answer 24

Thylakoids.

Question 25

In a chloroplast where do the light independent reactions take place?

Answer 25

Stroma.

Question 26

What is the name given to a particular strain of cells that group together to perform a particular function?

Answer 26

Tissue.

Question 27

1cm =

Answer 27

1 x 10 -2m

Question 28

1mm =

Answer 28

1 x 10 - 3m

Question 29

1 micrometre =

Answer 29

1 x 10 -6m

Question 30

1 nanometre =

Answer 30

1 x 10 - 9m

Question 31

1 picometre =

Answer 31

1 x 10 -12m