Cells/Tissues Flashcards
Mitosis: Phases
IPMAT
Interphase
Between division stages, “growth” or “living”
Prophase
Chromosomes condense, nucleus/membrane break up
Metaphase
Chromosomes line up in nuclear remains
Anaphase
Each chromosome splits into two chromatids
Telephase
Division into two daughter cells
Desmosome/Hemiseamosome
Intercellular junctions
Between cells / between cells and non cellular surfaces
Types of tissue
Epithelium
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
Embryonic cell layers
Trilaminar disk = Ectoderm Mesoderm Endoderm [germ layers]
Fibroblasts
Most common cell of Connective Tissue
Types of connective tissue
Soft, Firm, Hard, Fluid
Soft Connective Tissue
Loose (superficial) or Dense (strong): collagen
Granulation Tissue
Immature connective [scar] tissue
Firm Connective Tissue (types)
Cartilage: Hyaline/Elastic/Fibro
Perichrondrium
Vascular connective tissue surrounding most cartilage
Cartilage: Cells
Chondroblasts
Chondrocytes (mature)
(Firm connective tissue)
Bone
(Hard connective tissue)
Has own blood supply, repairs quickly.
Periosteum > Compact > Cancellous (inside)
Cancellous Bone: Inside
Endosteum > Bone marrow
Calcium Hydroxyapatite
Gives bone it’s hardness
Ossification
Bone development
Intramembranous
Endochondrial
Osteocyte
Mature osteoblasts (bone) In lacunae, connected by canaliculi
Blood
Fluid connective tissue
Plasma/Serum/RBC/Platelets/WBC
Transports.
Erythrocytes
Red blood cell
Fluid connective tissue
Afferent nerves
From body to brain (pain)
Efferent nerves
From brain to body (movement)
Vascular, Longitudinal canals in compact bone =
Haversarian
Most numerous organelles within cells
Mitochondria
Fibrocartilage
“Shock absorber” “weight bearing”
Firm connective tissue
Protein factories of the cell
Ribosomes
Phagocytosis
Type of endocytosis
Muscle tissue types
Skeletal (voluntary), Smooth, Cardiac
Basement Membrane parts
Basal Lamina (superficial, epithelium) Reticular Lamina (deeper, connective)
Neutrophils
WBC > Phagocytic- bacterial infections
Lymphocytes
WBC > Viral infections
