Cells/tissue

Question 1

Supportive connective tissue consists of:

Answer 1

Cartilage and bone

Question 2

Connective tissue can be categorized in how many ways:

Answer 2

3

Question 3

Central nervous system consists of:

Answer 3

Brain and spinal cord

Question 4

Tissues are organized into structures called:

Answer 4

Organs

Question 5

Organs are usually organized into:

Answer 5

Organ systems

Question 6

Peripheral nervous system consists of:

Answer 6

Motor and sensory neurons

Question 7

Tissue type responsible for movement:

Answer 7

Muscle

Question 8

Nucleic acids are used to build DNA, what other important role do they play?

Answer 8

The basis pf ATP

Question 9

What are the 2 cells of the nervous system?

Answer 9

Neurons and glia

Question 10

Control and coordination of the body is established by:

Answer 10

Endocrine system and nervous system

Question 11

Human cells are categorized as what type of cells?

Answer 11

Eukaryotic cells

Question 12

Do all differentiated cells have stem cells?

Answer 12

No

Question 13

What epithelial tissue would be in the small intestine?

Answer 13

Columnar

Question 14

How many tissue types is there?

Answer 14

4

Question 15

What are differentiated cells?

Answer 15

Cells that are specialized to perform a special function in multicellular organisms

Question 16

What makes a cell differentiated?

Answer 16

It expresses only specific proteins associated with its function

Question 17

Does the skeletal muscle control the movement of food?

Answer 17

No

Question 18

Fluid connective tissue consists of:

Answer 18

Blood and lymph

Question 19

The scientific theory attributed to the formation of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells:

Answer 19

Endosymbiosis

Question 20

What form did this primitive self-replicating molecule likely take?

Answer 20

Ribonucleic acid

Question 21

Can you consciously control smooth muscle?

Answer 21

No, it is involuntary

Question 22

What kind of tissue can be found in your heart?

Answer 22

Cardiac muscle

Question 23

What organic molecule spontaneously formed in Stanley Millers experiment?

Answer 23

Amino acids

Question 24

Bacterial cells are categorized as:

Answer 24

Prokaryotic cells

Question 25

What macromolecule is capable of self-replication?

Answer 25

Nucleic acid

Question 26

Organs usually consist of:

Answer 26

All 4 types of tissue

Question 27

Type of tissue that acts as a communication network to maintain physiological homeostasis:

Answer 27

Nervous

Question 28

This type of tissue lines the surfaces of anatomical structures:

Answer 28

Epithelial

Question 29

Connective tissue proper is either?

Answer 29

Loose or dense

Question 30

Epithelial cells have a top and bottom layer

Answer 30

Apical and basal

Question 31

When did the first signs of life likely emerge on earth?

Answer 31

3.8 billion years ago

Question 32

What type of organism has differentiated cells?

Answer 32

Multicellular eukaryotes

Question 33

What can a stem cell do that a differentiated cell can't?

Answer 33

Make new copies of themselves

Question 34

What kind of epithelial tissue would you classify your skin as?

Answer 34

Striated squamous

Question 35

What factors determine the proper function of differentiated cells within a given tissue?

Answer 35

The rate of cell death determines the effectiveness of a tissue. If cell death exceeds stem cell division, then the tissue can't perform the function properly. The nature of the EVM (extracellular matrix) can determine if stem cells need to divide or stop dividing because the matrix adequate. Signals from the other tissue cells can trigger division within the associated stem cells.

Question 36

What are three factors that contribute to the activation of differentiated cells?

Answer 36

Factors that affect differentiation of stem cells are the transcriptional factors regulating genetic expression of different proteins. Secondly, the position and orientation of cells within the tissue. Lastly, the signaling from nearby cells and even the connective matrix.

Question 37

What characteristics of amino acids, nucleic acids, and fats make them critical for the biogenesis of life?

Answer 37

Amino acids are capable of spontaneously polymerization (forming chains) allowing for infinite possibilities in protein formation. Nucleic acids are capable of spontaneous self replication which is essential for cell division. Certain fats naturally form containers in the presence of water. This is the basis of cellular membranes.

Question 38

Describe 3 pieces of evidence that support the endosymbiotic theory:

Answer 38

The 3 pieces of evidence come from the features of the mitochondria. The first is the fact that the mitochondria has 2 membranes. The inner membranes have many features of a prokaryotic membrane. Secondly, the mitochondria has circular DNA like that of a prokaryotic organism. Thirdly, the organelle self replicates much like bacteria.

Question 39

Lymphatic system:

Answer 39

Responsible for fluid regulation within the body and aids in immune function.

Question 40

Immune system:

Answer 40

Responsible for the detection and removal of foreign organisms and proteins to prevent harm to the body.

Question 41

Endocrine system:

Answer 41

Uses the cardiovascular system to deliver chemical messengers for the maintenance of homeostasis in the body.

Question 42

Nervous system:

Answer 42

Responsible for detecting stimuli and responding quickly to maintain the body inside and out.

Question 43

Respiratory system:

Answer 43

Responsible for exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) within the blood.

Question 44

Urinary system:

Answer 44

Responsible for the filtering of blood and removal of metabolic wastes from the body.

Question 45

Cardiovascular system:

Answer 45

Responsible for the transport of nutrients, metabolic wastes, chemical messengers, and important gases to every cell in the body.

Question 46

Digestive system:

Answer 46

Responsible for the breakdown and absorption of nutrients.