Cells Quiz Study Guide Flashcards
1
Q
eukaryotic
A
organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within a nuclear envelope.
2
Q
prokaryotic
A
single-celled organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea. All prokaryotes have plasma membranes, cytoplasm, ribosomes, a cell wall, DNA, and lack membrane-bound organelles.
3
Q
cell membrane
A
- only 1
- outside of animal cell
- controls what comes in/out of the cell
- diffusion/osmosis
4
Q
nucleolus
A
- in the nucleus
- makes ribosomes
5
Q
nuclear membrane
A
- protects the nucleus
- materials pass in and out through the small pores
6
Q
vacuole
A
- storage for proteins and other molecules
- plant vacuoles are bigger than animal vacuoles
7
Q
mitochondria
A
- “powerhouses” that make energy
- rod-shaped
- metabolism/cellular respiration
8
Q
vacuole
A
- storage for proteins and other molecules
- plant vacuoles (1) are bigger than animal vacuoles (many)
9
Q
mitochondria
A
- many
- “powerhouses” that make energy
- rod-shaped
- metabolism/cellular respiration
10
Q
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
A
- 1
- these maze-like passageways carry proteins through the cell
- there is a smooth ER and a rough ER
11
Q
ribosome
A
- many
- the small spheres sometimes attached to the ER
- makes proteins that are transported in the ER
12
Q
protein
A
- many
- products created by the cells and ribosomes
- help in all types of cellular functions
13
Q
golgi bodies
A
- many
- look like flat stacks of pancakes
- receive proteins and distribute them throughout the cell
14
Q
lysosome
A
ONLY IN ANIMALS
- many
- garbage disposal
- uses chemicals to break down particles
15
Q
chloroplasts
A
ONLY IN PLANTS
- many
- capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell
