Cells Pt.3 Flashcards
Define microbes and give another name for it
Microorganisms are extremely small organisms
Examples of microbes
Viruses, bacteria, Protozoa, fungi
Many microbes are pathogens, what does this term mean?
They cause diseases
What are the two shapes bacteria can come in
Rod shaped or spherical
Characteristics of bacterial cells?
Does not have a true nucleus and other membrane bound organelles
Exist in short chains of cells
Only a few micrometers in length
Can only be seen with light and electron microscopes
Surrounded by cell walls which are not made of cellulose like those of plants
Some are surrounded by a slime capsule
Their DNA exists in a region called the nucleoid and also in smaller regions called plasmids
They also have a loop of dna in the cytoplasm
How does bacteria feed
By making enzymes that digest their food and break it down into simple molecules such as sugars
Name two types of protoctists
Algae and Protozoa
What is protozoa
Unicellular organisms that feed on other organisms.they are found in all environments especially in water
An example of Protozoa
Amoeba
Name two diseases caused by Protozoa
Malaria and sleeping sickness
Most fungi feed on dead or decaying matter, to do this they need ________ for growth __________ for aerobic respiration and a suitable _________ temperature
Water,oxygen,warm
Some fungi are parasites, what does this term mean?
It means they gain their nutrition from living on or in another living organism
Most fungi are multicellular, give an example of one that is unicellular
Yeast
Fungi cells contain a true nuclei and other membrane bound organelles except _________. Their cell wall is made of _________
Chloroplasts,chitin
Fungi do not carry out photosynthesis, how do they reproduce?
By making spores that are carried by the wind. If the spore lands on a suitable source, a thin thread known as hypha grows from it. This then grows into a network of threads to form the body of the fungus.
