Cells, Organs And Populations

Question 1

Name five parts of a cell that both plant and animal cells have?

Answer 1

Nucleus
Cytoplasm 
Cell membrane 
Mitochondria
Ribosomes

Question 2

What three things do plant cells have that animal cells don’t?

Answer 2

Cell wall
Vacuole(made of cellulose)
Chloroplasts

Question 3

Where is the genetic material found in a bacterial cell?

Answer 3

The genetic material floats in the cytoplasm because bacterial cells don’t have a nucleus.

Question 4

Where is the genetic material found in an animal cell?

Answer 4

Nucleus contains the genetic material that controls the cell.

Question 5

What is diffusion

Answer 5

The spreading out of particles from an area of HIGH concentration to an area of LOW concentration

Question 6

Name three substances that can diffuse through cell membranes?

Answer 6

Glucose
Oxygen
Amino acids
Water

Question 7

Name two substances that can’t diffuse through a cell membrane?

Answer 7

Starch

Protein

Question 8

Give three ways that a palisade leaf cell is adapted for photosynthesis?

Answer 8

Packed with chloroplasts

Tall shape means a lot of the surface area exposed down he side for absorbing carbon dioxide.

Thin shape means you can pack loads together at the top

Question 9

Give three ways a sperm cell is adapted to swim to the egg?

Answer 9

Long tail
Streamlined head
There are a lot of mitochondria in the cell to provide the energy needed.

Question 10

What is a tissue?

Answer 10

A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function. Can include more than one type of cell.

Question 11

What is an organ?

Answer 11

An organ is a group of different tissues working together to perform a certain function.

Question 12

Give three examples of tissues in the human stomach, and say what job they do?

Answer 12

Muscular tissue- moves the stomach wall to churn up the food

Glandular tissue- makes digestive juices to digest food

Epithelial tissue- covers the outside and inside of the stomach

Question 13

Name one organ system in the human body?

Answer 13

Digestive system

Question 14

Give one example of a plant tissue?

Answer 14

Mesophyll tissue- where most of the photosynthesis in a plant occurs

Epidermal tissue- covers the whole plant

Question 15

Give one example of a plant organ?

Answer 15

Stem

Roots

Leaves

Question 16

What is the word equation of photosynthesis?

Answer 16

Carbon dioxide + water —> glucose +oxygen

Question 17

What is the green substance in leaves that absorbs sunlight?

Answer 17

Chlorophyll

Question 18

Name the three factors that can limit the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 18

Light

Carbon dioxide

Temperature

Question 19

Why is it important that a plant doesn’t get to hot?

Answer 19

If a plant gets too hot the enzymes needed for photosynthesis and other reactions will be damaged, this happens at around 45*C

Question 20

Suggests three things a gardener could do to make sure they grow a good crop of tomatoes in their green house?

Answer 20

• Supply artificial light
• Use a paraffin heater, as the paraffin burns it makes carbon dioxide. Meaning an increase in two limiting factors
• Shades and ventilation
• provide minerals

Question 21

Why is glucose turned into starch when plants need to store it for later?

Answer 21

Starch is insoluble which makes it better for storing than glucose a cell with a lot of glucose in wild draw in loads of water and swell up.

Question 22

What are the five ways plants has glucose?

Answer 22

• for respiration
• making cell walls
• making proteins (glucose is combined with nitrate ions to make amino acids which are made into proteins)
• stored in seeds
• stored as starch

Question 23

Name five environmental factors that can affect the distribution of a plant?

Answer 23

• Availability of nutrients
• Availability of water
• Availability of oxygen and carbon dioxide
• Amount of light
• Temperature

Question 24

What is the Nucleus?

Answer 24

Contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell

Question 25

What is the Cytoplasm?

Answer 25

Gel-like substance where most of the CHEMICAL reactions happen. Contains enzymes that control the reactions.

Question 26

What is the Cell membrane?

Answer 26

Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out

Question 27

What is the Ribosomes?

Answer 27

Theses are where proteins are made in the cell wall

Question 28

What is the Mitochondria?

Answer 28

These are where most of the reactions for respiration take place. Respiration releases entertainment that the cell needs to work.

Question 29

What is the Cell wall?(plants only)

Answer 29

Made of cellulose, it supports and strengthens it.

Question 30

What is the Vacuole?(plant only)

Answer 30

Contains cell sap, is a weak solution if sugar and salts

Question 31

What is the Chloroplasts?(plants only)

Answer 31

These are where photosynthesis occurs.

Question 32

What is a quadrat?

Answer 32

A quadrat is a square frame enclosing a known area, e.g. 1m x 1m. which helps to study the distinctions of small organisms

Question 33

What is a transect?

Answer 33

Lines to help find out how organisms are distributed across and area. Often made using a tape measure or rope.