Cells, Organs And Populations Flashcards
Name five parts of a cell that both plant and animal cells have?
Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane Mitochondria Ribosomes
What three things do plant cells have that animal cells don’t?
Cell wall
Vacuole(made of cellulose)
Chloroplasts
Where is the genetic material found in a bacterial cell?
The genetic material floats in the cytoplasm because bacterial cells don’t have a nucleus.
Where is the genetic material found in an animal cell?
Nucleus contains the genetic material that controls the cell.
What is diffusion
The spreading out of particles from an area of HIGH concentration to an area of LOW concentration
Name three substances that can diffuse through cell membranes?
Glucose
Oxygen
Amino acids
Water
Name two substances that can’t diffuse through a cell membrane?
Starch
Protein
Give three ways that a palisade leaf cell is adapted for photosynthesis?
Packed with chloroplasts
Tall shape means a lot of the surface area exposed down he side for absorbing carbon dioxide.
Thin shape means you can pack loads together at the top
Give three ways a sperm cell is adapted to swim to the egg?
Long tail
Streamlined head
There are a lot of mitochondria in the cell to provide the energy needed.
What is a tissue?
A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function. Can include more than one type of cell.
What is an organ?
An organ is a group of different tissues working together to perform a certain function.
Give three examples of tissues in the human stomach, and say what job they do?
Muscular tissue- moves the stomach wall to churn up the food
Glandular tissue- makes digestive juices to digest food
Epithelial tissue- covers the outside and inside of the stomach
Name one organ system in the human body?
Digestive system
Give one example of a plant tissue?
Mesophyll tissue- where most of the photosynthesis in a plant occurs
Epidermal tissue- covers the whole plant
Give one example of a plant organ?
Stem
Roots
Leaves
What is the word equation of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water —> glucose +oxygen
What is the green substance in leaves that absorbs sunlight?
Chlorophyll
Name the three factors that can limit the rate of photosynthesis?
Light
Carbon dioxide
Temperature
Why is it important that a plant doesn’t get to hot?
If a plant gets too hot the enzymes needed for photosynthesis and other reactions will be damaged, this happens at around 45*C
Suggests three things a gardener could do to make sure they grow a good crop of tomatoes in their green house?
- Supply artificial light
- Use a paraffin heater, as the paraffin burns it makes carbon dioxide. Meaning an increase in two limiting factors
- Shades and ventilation
- provide minerals
Why is glucose turned into starch when plants need to store it for later?
Starch is insoluble which makes it better for storing than glucose a cell with a lot of glucose in wild draw in loads of water and swell up.
What are the five ways plants has glucose?
- for respiration
- making cell walls
- making proteins (glucose is combined with nitrate ions to make amino acids which are made into proteins)
- stored in seeds
- stored as starch
Name five environmental factors that can affect the distribution of a plant?
- Availability of nutrients
- Availability of water
- Availability of oxygen and carbon dioxide
- Amount of light
- Temperature
What is the Nucleus?
Contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell
