Cells of Immune system Flashcards
1
Q
Immune cells?
A
Cells which gives immunity
2
Q
Property of IMMUNE CELLS?
A
- Ag Recognition
- Ag Neutralisation
- Ab Production
- Cytokine production
- Ab Bind
3
Q
RBC & platelets doesn’t follow these properties:
1. Ag Recognition
2. Ag Neutralisation
3. Ab Production
4. Cytokine production
5. Ab Bind
True or False?
A
True
4
Q
WBC has 2 types ____ & ____
A
Granulocytes &
Agranular
5
Q
Granulocytes has 3 types____, ______ &_____
A
Neutrophil,
Basophil and
Eosinophil
6
Q
Neutrophil, Basophil and Eosinophils are _______?
A
Polymorpho Nuclear Leukocytes. (PMNs)
7
Q
Agranular has 4 types:
A
Monocytes,
B-Cell,
T-Cell &
NK Cell
8
Q
Lymphocytes are
A
B-Cell,
T-Cell &
NK Cell
9
Q
what is Lymphoid organ?
A
Lymphoid organs are specialized tissues that play crucial roles in the immune system by producing and housing lymphocytes, such as the lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus.
10
Q
WBCs cell produce by?
A
Bone marrow (Reddish, connective tissue)
11
Q
WBCs cell get Mature at?
A
Thymus,
Spleen &
Lymph Nodes
12
Q
Thymus present at?
A
above the heart
13
Q
Spleen present at?
A
Below the heart
14
Q
Lymph Nodes present at?
A
Distributed in whole body
15
Q
WBC present in Blood circulation?
A
2-5%
16
Q
WBC present in Lymph Nodes & Spleen
A
95%
17
Q
Hematopoiesis?
A
Hematopoiesis is the process of blood cell formation, primarily occurring in the bone marrow, where stem cells differentiate into various types of blood cells.
18
Q
Hematopoietic Region in Fetus development in first trimester (0-3 months)
A
Yolksac
19
Q
Hematopoiesis Region?
A
Bone Marrow
20
Q
Hematopoietic Region in Fetus development in 3-4 months?
A
Liver
21
Q
Hematopoietic Region in Fetus development in third trimester (6-9months)
A
Spleen + Bone marrow
22
Q
Hematopoietic Region After Birth?
A
Only Bone marrow
23
Q
No. of RBC cells per 100 ml
A
5.5 million
24
Q
No. of WBC cells per 100 ml
A
5-12000
25
No. of Platelets per 100 ml
1.5-4 lakh
26
Life span of RBC cells?
120 Days
27
Life span of WBC cells?
7 Days
28
How to identify which cell is stem cell?
Unique protein is present, called as marker of the cell, Cluster of Differentiation.
29
Cluster of Differentiation (CD)?
Membrane bound protein/glycoprotein responsible for identification.
30
CDs On hematopoietic cells?
CD 34+
CD 38-
CD 59+
31
Potency of Morula?
totipotent
32
Stem cells properties
Undifferentiated
Self-renewal
Assymetric division
33
Potency of Blastocoel (Placenta + ICM)?
Pluripotent
34
ICM develop into
Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm
35
Mesoderm develop into
Bone ---------> Bone marrow-----> Hematopoietic stem cells
36
Potency of Hematopoietic stem cells?
Multipotent
37
Adult stem cells?
Skin epidermis
Hair Follicular
Stomach
38
Unipotent
Spermatocytes in Male
39
Induced Pluripotent Stem cells?
Those adult cels that can be induced into Pluripotent Stem cells, are called as Induced Pluripotent Stem cells.
40
what make a totipotent a totipotent, pluripotent to pluripotent and multipotent to a multipotent?
Genes
41
genes for Pluripotent?
Oct 4
Nanog
Sox 2
PSTAT 3
Myc
42
Properties of Neutrophil
Granulocytes,
Can be stained in both acidic and basic
Multilobe: 3-5 Lobes
upto 70%OF LEUKOCYTES
Main Phagocytic cells in blood
Primary and Secondary Granules (on basis of staining by diff. dye)
43
Name of the dye for Neutrophil which stain pink?
Hematoxyline
44
Granular content of neutrophil
Protein (creates pore)
Myelo-peroxidase (Reactive oxygen species)
45
Neutrophil has 2 receptors, those are?
IgG receptor
C3b Receptor
46
Neutrophil bindsto Opsonin, those opsonin are ?
Ig and C3B
47
Neutrophil can't recognise Antigen.
Trues or False?
True
48
Whatdoes Granules do, enters Pathogen enters the neutrophil?
Granules releases both Defensin and Myeloperoxidase.
49
Why does neutrophil needs more amount of oxygen?
to produce myeloperoxidase, as it is Reactive Oxygen species.
50
Respiratory burst?
During phagocytosis, neutrophil needs more amount of oxygen to produce myeloperoxidase, as it is Reactive Oxygen species (ROS).
51
What else required for Phagocytosis?
Reactive Nitrogen species (RNS)
52
What does Reactive Oxygen species do to pathogen?
It destroys the Pathogen's GENOME.
53
In what case, pathogen can still harm the host?
When any of DEFENSIN, MYELOPEROXIDASE Or RNS get inhibited.
54
Virus infect on Intracellular Level?
True or False
True
55
Which immune cell reach to the site of infection first?
Neutrophil
56
At siteof infection which cell ill be damaged and what they will produce?
Endothelial
and it will produce IL-8
57
IL-8 Binds with the?
Neutrophil
58
IL-8 is ?
Chemokine
59
How come, Neutrophil reach to the site of infection?
By chemotaxis, following IL-8 gradient
60
Main component of pus?
Neutrophil
61
Molecular marker of Neutrophil?
CD 66
62
Properties of Basophil?
Get stained with Basic dye: Methylene blue
Part of innate immunity
Bilobed (one lobe is big and other one is small)
Least abundant (1% of leukocytes)
63
Receptor present at Basophil?
IgE Receptor
64
Basophil Plays role in?
Allergic and Hypersensitive response
65
Granules of Basophil consist of ?
Heparin
Histamine
66
Heparin is ?
Anticoagulent
67
Properties of Histamine?
Increase Vascular permeability, bcz cell shrinks bcz of histamine
68
what cause Edema?
Edema is basically swellingatthe site of infection.
It happensbcz Lots of RBC accumulate at the Site of infection
69
Concentration of Basophil Rises during ______ infection?
Ectoparasitic (parasite on skin)
69
LYMPHOCYTES?
B-CELL
T-CELL
NK CELL
70
Molecular markerof basophil?
CD 164
70
Eosinophil plays role in?
Allergic and hypersensitive response
70
Concentration of Eosinophil Rises during ______ infection?
Endoparasitic
71
Properties of Eosinophil?
Bilobed
Stained by Acidic dye- EOSIN
Part of innate immunity
present in 3-5 % of leukocytes
phagocytic in nature
71
Receptors present at Eosinophils are?
IgE and IgG receptor
71
Molecular marker of Eosinophil?
CD 44, CD 69
71
Properties of B-Lymphocytes?
10%
Part of acquired immunity
mIgM is present
mIgD is present
72
Naive B-cell
B-cell which has not recognise any Antigen yet.
72
Multiple mIgM and mIgD can be found on B-cell.
True or False?
True
72
no. of mIgM is more than mIgD.
True or False?
true
72
Single B-Cell has single Ag Specificity.
True or False?
True
72
What is BCR?
Membranous IgM
72
B in B-cells standsfor?
Bursa of Fabricus (from bird)
72
How B-cell recognise Antigens?
mIgM and mIgD have CDRs which helps in recognition of Antigen.
72
IgM should be present for B-cell to be functional.
True or False?
TRUE
72
B-cell get produced and matured in?
Bone marrow
72
Presence or Absence of IgD make an impact over B-Cell function.
True orFalse?
False.
It has no impact
72
cytosolicdomain of mIgM is very short it has only _ a.a
3
73
what use of Ig alpha and Ig Beta
short cytosolic tail of mIgM cant provide signal by itself
73
which marker is required to activate the B-cell?
CD 40
73
Ig folds consists of
antiparallel beta pleated sheets
74
when nature of antigen is Carbohydrate or lipid?
Ag directly binds to the BCR of B-cell
75
Plasma cells form?
IgM always
75
what happens when Ag directly binds to the BCR of B-cell
B0cellk proliferate and form daughter cells also k/a Plasma B-cells
75
CDRs of mIgM and IgM (produced from B-Cell) will be same?
Yes
76
Life span of Plasma cells?
14 days
77
For Carb. and lipid Ag needs T-cell?
No
78
For protein Antigen, B-cell needs
T-cell
78
endosomal-lysosomal processivity is ?
pH dependent process
79
what happens when protein Ag binds with B-cell.
Ag get internalised by endocytosis
ag will be break down by endosomal-lysosomal processivity
Processed ag will be expressed by MHC II
MHC II having Processed Ag will be recognised with T-cell
T-cell will release Cytokines IL-4 and IL-6
IL-4 and IL-6 will activate the B-cell
Activated B-cell proliferatyes and form daughter cell. One will be PLASMA B-CELL and the other will be MEMORY CELL
PLAMSA B-cell will produce IgM first 8-10 days, then produce IgG by class switching
there will be no receptor on Plasma B-cell
80
Molecular Marker of Plasma B-cells?
CD 38,78,138
81
Plasma B-cells secrete?
IgM (pentamer)
82
Class switching when Ag enters through GIT and RT
IgM to IgA
83
The membranous and free form of Ig produce by the B-cell is due to?
ALTERNATE RNA SPLICING
84
Class switching when Ag enters through Blood
IgM to IgG
85
Class switching when Ag enters as a Allergen
IgM to IgE
85
Properties of Memory B-cells?
It has mIgM/G/A/E. (but never D)
Needs activation
Once they are active. they continue to be active
During secondary response
86
Memory B-cells can produce?
IgM, A, G, E
87
Life span of Memory B-cells?
15 years
88
Memory B-cells circulate in ?
Blood and Lymph
89
Memory B-cells circulate but mainly present at ?
Lymph nodes
