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CE Biology > Cells, Nutrients and Healthy Living > Flashcards

Cells, Nutrients and Healthy Living Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is an organism?

A

A living thing

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2
Q

What are the structures of an Animal Cell?

A

Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Cell Surface membrane, Mitochondria

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3
Q

What does the nucleus do?

A

Controls what the cell does

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4
Q

What does the cytoplasm do?

A

Most of the chemical reactions take place here

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5
Q

What does the cell surface membrane do?

A

It hold the cell together and controls what goes in and out

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6
Q

What does the mitochondria do?

A

This is where energy gets released from the cell

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7
Q

What does a cell wall do?

A

Supports the cell

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8
Q

What does a vacoule do?

A

Stores water

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9
Q

What do Chloroplasts do?

A

They contain Chlorophylls used for photosynthesis

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10
Q

What are animals and plants made up of?

A

a lot of cells

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11
Q

What is a tissue made up of?

A

A group of similar cells

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12
Q

What is an organ made up of?

A

A group of different tissues

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13
Q

What is an organ system made up of?

A

A group of organs

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14
Q

What is a multicellular organism made up of?

A

Several organ systems

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15
Q

What does the M in MRS GREN stand for?

A

Movement

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16
Q

What does the R in MRS GREN stand for?

A

Reproduction

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17
Q

What does the S in MRS GREN stand for?

A

Sensitivity

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18
Q

What does the G in MRS GREN stand for?

A

Growth

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19
Q

What does the R in MRS GREN stand for?

A

Respiration

20
Q

What does the E in MRS GREN stand for?

A

Excretion

21
Q

What does the N in MRS GREN stand for?

A

Nutrition

22
Q

What is the name for an organism that is made up of only one cell?

A

Unicellular or single-celled

23
Q

What is the first step to preparing a microscope slide?

A

Take a small sample of the cells you want to look at and place it in the middle of the slide.

24
Q

What is the second step to preparing a microscope slide?

A

Use a pipette to add a drop of water or stain on the sample.

25
Q

What is the third step to preparing a microscope slide?

A

Lower a cover slip onto the sample on an angle to prevent air bubbles.

26
Q

What is the first step to use a microscope to look at cells?

A

Clip the slide you’ve prepared onto the stage.

27
Q

What is the second step to use a microscope to look at cells?

A

Select the lowest powered objective lens

28
Q

What is the third step to use a microscope to look at cells?

A

Turn the rough focusing knob to move the objective lens down to just above the slide.

29
Q

What is the fourth step to use a microscope to look at cells?

A

Look down the eyepiece lens and adjust the focus using the fine focus knob until you get a clear image of the cells.

30
Q

What is magnification?

A

How many times bigger the image you see is compared to the real object.

31
Q

What is the formula to calculate magnification?

A

Magnification =
image/real size

32
Q

What are Carbohydrates used for?

A

They fuel your body

33
Q

What are Proteins used for?

A

Growth and the repair of damaged tissues.

34
Q

What are Lipids used for?

A

Storing energy which you use if your body runs out of carbohydrates and to keep you warm.

35
Q

What are Vitamins used for?

A

They keep many vital processes happening.

36
Q

What is Fibre used for?

A

Fibre helps food move through your digestive system and prevents constipation.

37
Q

What is Water used for?

A

60% of your body is water and is important for all the chemical reactions that take place in your body.

38
Q

What happens to your body if you don’t have enough Vitamin C?

A

Problems occur with skin, joints and gums.

39
Q

What happens to your body if you don’t have enough Calcium?

A

If not enough is consumed you can get osteoporosis which makes your bones less dense and likely to fracture.

40
Q

What solution is used to test for Sugar?

A

Benedict’s solution

41
Q

What solution is used to test for Starch?

A

Iodine Solution

42
Q

What solution is used to test for Proteins?

A

Biuret solution

43
Q

How do you prepare a food sample?

A

Break a piece of food using a pestle and mortar. Put it in a beaker with some distilled water. Stir it to dissolve the food. Filter the solution to get rid of any solid bits of food.

44
Q

How do you to test for sugar?

A

Add Benedict’s solution to the sample you want to test. Heat the mixture in a hot water bath. A positive result is if the solution goes from blue to green, yellow or red.

45
Q

How do you test for Starch?

A

Add iodine solution to the sample. A positive result is if the solution changes from browny orange to a blue black colour.

46
Q

How do you test for proteins?

A

Put 2cm cubed of your sample in a test tube. Add 2cm cubed of biuret solution to the sample and mix by gently shaking the tube. A positive result is if the solution changes from blue to purple.

47
Q

How do you test for Lipids?

A

Mix your sample with ethanol for a minute until it dissolves then pour the solution into water. A positive result is if a milky layer forms on top of the solution.

CE Biology (4 decks)

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