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Facials > Cells, muscles and systems > Flashcards

Cells, muscles and systems Flashcards

1
Q

What is the study of the cell called and who was it founded by?

A

Cytology. Founded by Robert Hooke in 1665

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2
Q

What are organelles? Name five

A

Small structures within the cell that each have their own function.

  • nucleus
  • mitochondria
  • ribosomes
  • lysosomes
  • golgi apparatus
  • nucleolis
  • cytoplasm
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3
Q

What is the cells control center called?

A

Nucleus

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4
Q

What does the cellular membrane do?

A

Acts as a barrier around the cell that allows substances to penetrate or leave the cell

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5
Q

What is the nuclei and what does it do?

A

The center of the nucleus and the cells DNA. It gives the cell instructions to carry out its tasks

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6
Q

What is the function of the mitochondria?

A

Acts as the cells power house and it takes in oxygen and glucose to produce ATP/ energy

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7
Q

Which organelle in the cell is responsible for digestion and the breakdown of cell organelles?

A

Lysosomes

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8
Q

What are ribosomes refered to as?

A

Protein factories for the cell.

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9
Q

What is the Golgi apparatus referred to as and what does it do?

A

The “post office” of the cell. It collects and packages proteins for secretion

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10
Q

What does the nuclear membrane do?

A

It is a double layered barrier around the nucleus that allows proteins in and ribosomal subunits out

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11
Q

What are cilia

A

Hair like projections that enable the cell to move

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12
Q

What are the two types of cellular reproduction?

A

Direct division/amitosis and indirect division/mitosis

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13
Q

What are the 5 stages of mitosis/indirect division?

A

Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase

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14
Q

What is anabolism?

A

The building up of cellular tissue

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15
Q

What is catabolism?

A

The breaking down of cellular tissue

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16
Q

What are the ten systems of the body?

A

Integumentary, skeletal, nervous, muscular, endocrine, excretory, digestive, reproductive, circulatory

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17
Q

What is defines as a structure containing two or more tissues which are combined to accomplish a specific function?

A

Organ

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18
Q

What are the six types of tissue that the body holds?

A

Bone tissue,connective tissue, epithelial tissue, liquid tissue, muscular tissue, nerve tissue

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19
Q

What are the 5 functions of the bones?

A
  • gives the body shape and support
  • produces blood cells in bone marrow
  • protects internal structures and organs
  • attaches muscles and helps with body movements
  • stores various minerals such as calcium, phosphorous, magnesium and sodium
20
Q

Where is the occipital located?

A

The lower half of the cranium

21
Q

Which bone of the skull is located below the occipital and behind the ears?

A

Mastoid

22
Q

Which bone forms the forehead?

A

Frontal bone

23
Q

Which bones form the sides and top of the cranium?

A

The two parietal bones

24
Q

Which bone joins all the bones of the cranium together?

A

Sphenoid bone

25
Q

Where do the two nasal bones from?

A

The bridge of the nose

26
Q

What does the ethnics bone form?

A

Part of the nasal covities between the eye sockets

27
Q

Where are the two lacrimal bones located?

A

The inner wall of the eye sockets

28
Q

Which bones form the cheek bones?

A

The two zygomatic arches

29
Q

Which two bones form the upper jaw?

A

Maxillae bones

30
Q

What is the mandible?

A

Lower jaw bone

31
Q

Where is the vomer bone located?

A

the dividing wall of the nose

32
Q

Which two bones are located on each side of the outer walls of the nasal depression?

A

Tribunal bones

33
Q

Where are the two palatine bones located?

A

The floor and outer wall of the nose, the roof of the mouth and under the tongue

34
Q

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

A
  • Striated or voluntary
  • non striated or involuntary
  • cardiac
35
Q

What does marination mean?

A

To chew

36
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A

Masseter and temporalis

37
Q

Which muscle is responsible for blowing?

A

Buccinator

38
Q

Which muscle causes wrinkling of the chin, as in displeasure?

A

Mentalis

39
Q

Which muscle depresses the lip and draws it to one side as in expressing sarcasm?

A

Depressor labii inferioris

40
Q

Which muscle is responsible for frowning?

A

Triangularis

41
Q

Which muscle is responsible for grinning or smiling?

A

Risoruis

42
Q

Which muscle is responsible for puckering the lips as in kissing or whistling?

A

Orbicularis oris

43
Q

Which muscle raises the angle of the mouth and draws it inward?

A

Levator anguli oris

44
Q

Which muscle elevates the lip and dilated the nostrils as in expressing distaste

A

Levator labii superioris

45
Q

Which muscle is responsible for drawing the angle of the mouth backward and upward as in laughing?

A

Zygomaticus

Facials (3 decks)

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