Cells, muscles and systems

Question 1

What is the study of the cell called and who was it founded by?

Answer 1

Cytology. Founded by Robert Hooke in 1665

Question 2

What are organelles? Name five

Answer 2

Small structures within the cell that each have their own function.

• nucleus
• mitochondria
• ribosomes
• lysosomes
• golgi apparatus
• nucleolis
• cytoplasm

Question 3

What is the cells control center called?

Answer 3

Nucleus

Question 4

What does the cellular membrane do?

Answer 4

Acts as a barrier around the cell that allows substances to penetrate or leave the cell

Question 5

What is the nuclei and what does it do?

Answer 5

The center of the nucleus and the cells DNA. It gives the cell instructions to carry out its tasks

Question 6

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Answer 6

Acts as the cells power house and it takes in oxygen and glucose to produce ATP/ energy

Question 7

Which organelle in the cell is responsible for digestion and the breakdown of cell organelles?

Answer 7

Lysosomes

Question 8

What are ribosomes refered to as?

Answer 8

Protein factories for the cell.

Question 9

What is the Golgi apparatus referred to as and what does it do?

Answer 9

The “post office” of the cell. It collects and packages proteins for secretion

Question 10

What does the nuclear membrane do?

Answer 10

It is a double layered barrier around the nucleus that allows proteins in and ribosomal subunits out

Question 11

What are cilia

Answer 11

Hair like projections that enable the cell to move

Question 12

What are the two types of cellular reproduction?

Answer 12

Direct division/amitosis and indirect division/mitosis

Question 13

What are the 5 stages of mitosis/indirect division?

Answer 13

Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase

Question 14

What is anabolism?

Answer 14

The building up of cellular tissue

Question 15

What is catabolism?

Answer 15

The breaking down of cellular tissue

Question 16

What are the ten systems of the body?

Answer 16

Integumentary, skeletal, nervous, muscular, endocrine, excretory, digestive, reproductive, circulatory

Question 17

What is defines as a structure containing two or more tissues which are combined to accomplish a specific function?

Answer 17

Organ

Question 18

What are the six types of tissue that the body holds?

Answer 18

Bone tissue,connective tissue, epithelial tissue, liquid tissue, muscular tissue, nerve tissue

Question 19

What are the 5 functions of the bones?

Answer 19

• gives the body shape and support
• produces blood cells in bone marrow
• protects internal structures and organs
• attaches muscles and helps with body movements
• stores various minerals such as calcium, phosphorous, magnesium and sodium

Question 20

Where is the occipital located?

Answer 20

The lower half of the cranium

Question 21

Which bone of the skull is located below the occipital and behind the ears?

Answer 21

Mastoid

Question 22

Which bone forms the forehead?

Answer 22

Frontal bone

Question 23

Which bones form the sides and top of the cranium?

Answer 23

The two parietal bones

Question 24

Which bone joins all the bones of the cranium together?

Answer 24

Sphenoid bone

Question 25

Where do the two nasal bones from?

Answer 25

The bridge of the nose

Question 26

What does the ethnics bone form?

Answer 26

Part of the nasal covities between the eye sockets

Question 27

Where are the two lacrimal bones located?

Answer 27

The inner wall of the eye sockets

Question 28

Which bones form the cheek bones?

Answer 28

The two zygomatic arches

Question 29

Which two bones form the upper jaw?

Answer 29

Maxillae bones

Question 30

What is the mandible?

Answer 30

Lower jaw bone

Question 31

Where is the vomer bone located?

Answer 31

the dividing wall of the nose

Question 32

Which two bones are located on each side of the outer walls of the nasal depression?

Answer 32

Tribunal bones

Question 33

Where are the two palatine bones located?

Answer 33

The floor and outer wall of the nose, the roof of the mouth and under the tongue

Question 34

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Answer 34

- Striated or voluntary - non striated or involuntary - cardiac

Question 35

What does marination mean?

Answer 35

To chew

Question 36

What are the muscles of mastication?

Answer 36

Masseter and temporalis

Question 37

Which muscle is responsible for blowing?

Answer 37

Buccinator

Question 38

Which muscle causes wrinkling of the chin, as in displeasure?

Answer 38

Mentalis

Question 39

Which muscle depresses the lip and draws it to one side as in expressing sarcasm?

Answer 39

Depressor labii inferioris

Question 40

Which muscle is responsible for frowning?

Answer 40

Triangularis

Question 41

Which muscle is responsible for grinning or smiling?

Answer 41

Risoruis

Question 42

Which muscle is responsible for puckering the lips as in kissing or whistling?

Answer 42

Orbicularis oris

Question 43

Which muscle raises the angle of the mouth and draws it inward?

Answer 43

Levator anguli oris

Question 44

Which muscle elevates the lip and dilated the nostrils as in expressing distaste

Answer 44

Levator labii superioris

Question 45

Which muscle is responsible for drawing the angle of the mouth backward and upward as in laughing?

Answer 45

Zygomaticus