Cells, Homeostasis and Body water Flashcards
Homeostasis
Essential for survival
regulated primarily by negative feedback
maintains normal bodily function
Homeostatic regulation influences:
Supply of energy
Concentration of O2, CO2, H2O and electrolytes
pH
Concentration of waste products
Negative feedback
The result of the process influences the operation of the process
what happens due to the disruption of homeostasis
cells suffer and start to fail
What are the 4 cell types
Neurons (nerve)
muscle
epithelial
connective tissue
What do neurons do?
- initial and transmit electrical impulses for fast information transfer around the body
- Control and regulate muscle contraction, gland secretion, sensory perception, ect….
What do muscle cells do?
Contraction, generation of force
Where are muscle cells found?
Connecting bones, in the heart (cardiac) in other organs
Voluntary muscle control
movement of muscles by thought
Involuntary muscle control
doesn’t need to be thought of, eg smooth muscle in organs and cardiac muscle
Epithelial cells
Form a barrier, involved in protection, secretion and aborption
- separates body from external enviroment
- lines hollow organs
- forms glands, specialised tissue for excretion
Epithelial tissue
Epithelium
Connective tissue
Connect anchor and support
plasma membrane
acts to maintain the composition of fluids inside and outside the cell
-enables exchange of nutrients
what is the plasma membrane consist of?
phosopholipids and proteins
- phosopholipids forming the lipid bilayer
- proteins have number of functions including channels, carriers, receptors, membrane-bound enzymes, cell adhesion molecules and self-identity markers
