Cells-Exam 1

Question 1

What is the smallest unit having properties of life?

Answer 1

A Cell

Question 2

All cells come from…

Answer 2

pre-existing cells

Question 3

The smallest unit of life?

Answer 3

A cell

Question 4

4 characteristics of cells

Answer 4

• has the potential to survive on its own
• Is highly organized for metabolism
• senses and responds to environment
• has potential to reproduce

Question 5

Two types of cells

Answer 5

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

Question 6

All cells start life with..

Answer 6

• plasma membrane
• region where DNA is stored
• Cytoplasm

Question 7

Why are cells so small?

Answer 7

Surface to volume ratio limits increase in size

Question 8

The _________ a cell is, the _______ surface area there is per unit volume.

Answer 8

bigger, less

Question 9

Lipid Bilayer: half the heads point _______, half the heads point _________.

Answer 9

outward, inward

Question 10

What do the heads in lipid bilayer point towards?

Answer 10

Water

Question 11

What are the main components of cell membranes?

Answer 11

Lipid Bilayer

Question 12

True or False: The Lipid Bilayer is semipermeable

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Which dissolves in water and which does not dissolve in water?

Answer 13

Dissolves in water- Hydrophilic

Does not dissolve in water- Hydrophobic

Question 14

Characteristics of Plasma Membrane

Answer 14

-Extremely thin
-mosaic prints of proteins ad lipids
-lipids give membrane its fluid quality
proteins carry out most membrane functions

Question 15

Different proteins in the Plasma membrane

Answer 15

• Transport
• Receptor
• Recognition
• Adhesion

Question 16

3 types of gated channels

Answer 16

chemically
voltage
mechanically

Question 17

Flagella

Answer 17

used to move the cell over the fluid

Question 18

Cilia

Answer 18

used to move fluid over the cell

Question 19

What are two structures for cell motility?

Answer 19

The Flagella and Cilia

Question 20

Cytomembrane System

Answer 20

group of related organelles that assembles lipids

Question 21

Which system modifies new polyeptide chains?

Answer 21

Cytomembrane

Question 22

Do smooth endoplasmic reticulum have ribosomes?

Answer 22

No

Question 23

Do rough endoplasmic reticulum have ribosomes?

Answer 23

yes

Question 24

Ribosomes __________ proteins.

Answer 24

make

Question 25

Rough ER ____________ the proteins.

Answer 25

transports

Question 26

What does smooth ER do?

Answer 26

1. Manufactures lipids (fats) 2. Can store calcium in muscle cells 3. Detoxifies drugs

Question 27

What are the Golgi bodies main job?

Answer 27

puts the finishing touches on proteins and lipids

Question 28

Vesicles are like closets that are stored inside the ___.

Answer 28

cell

Question 29

3 components of the Nucleus

Answer 29

Nuclear envelope Nucleoplasm Nucleolus

Question 30

Function of the Nucleus

Answer 30

keeps the DNA molecules of eukaryotic cells separated from metabolic machinery of cytoplasm

Question 31

What makes it easier to organize DNA and to copy it before parent cells divide into daughter cells?

Answer 31

The Nucleus

Question 32

What is unwound and ready to be used DNA?

Answer 32

Chromatin

Question 33

What form is our DNA in most of the time?

Answer 33

Chromatin

Question 34

Chromatin is a cell's...

Answer 34

collection of DNA and associated proteins

Question 35

What is required to power mitochondria to make energy?

Answer 35

oxygen

Question 36

Why do we breathe oxygen?

Answer 36

To make energy

Question 37

what are mitochondira?

Answer 37

ATP- producing powerhouses

Question 38

What has a double membrane system and carries out the most efficient energy-releasing reactions?

Answer 38

Mitochondria

Question 39

Cell Theory

Answer 39

Every organism is composed of one or more cells