Cells: Basic Unit of Life

Question 1

All organisms are composed of

Answer 1

organic (carbon-based) molecules

Question 2

living organisms are made up of cells that can be unicellular or multi-cellular

Answer 2

Cellular Organization

Question 3

It is the ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions (example: body temp, pH level, water level)

Answer 3

Homeostasis

Question 4

living processes consist of various biochemical
reactions that obtain and use energy

Answer 4

Metabolism

Question 5

The ability to form an offspring ( may be sexual or asexual)

Answer 5

Reproduction

Question 6

Multidisciplinary study that investigates the molecular basis of life

Answer 6

Biochemistry

Question 7

Fundamental units of life. They are functional and highly organized entities

Answer 7

Cells

Question 8

Types of biomolecules

Answer 8

Proteins
Nucleic Acid
Carbohydrates
Lipids

Question 9

Single-celled organisms (unicellular)

Answer 9

Prokaryotic Cells

Question 10

Can be unicellular or multicellular

Answer 10

Eukaryotic Cells

Question 11

Primary source of support; maintains the organism’s shape and protects it from mechanical injury

Answer 11

Cell Wall

Question 12

Directly inside the cell wall; acts as a selective permeability barrier

Answer 12

Plasma Membrane

Question 13

A compartment that holds the nucleoid (contains small circular DNA)

Answer 13

Cytoplasm

Question 14

Hair like structures used for locomotion and attachment of food

Answer 14

Pili and Flagella

Question 15

Composed of a lipid bilayer; provides shape, mechanical strength, protection, and permeability barrier to the cell

Answer 15

Cell or Plasma Membrane

Question 16

gel-like, water-based fluid that occupies the majority of the volume of the cell

Answer 16

Cytoplasm or Cytosol

Question 17

Contains the cell’s hereditary information; control the system of the cell in metabolic activities

Answer 17

Nucleus

Question 18

Provides rigidity to the nucleus; site of DNA and RNA synthesis

Answer 18

Nucleoplasm

Question 19

Separates components of the nucleus from the cytoplasm; contains nuclear pores that controls passage of biomolecules

Answer 19

Nuclear Envelope

Question 20

Site for ribosomal RNA synthesis

Answer 20

Nucleolus

Question 21

involves in the synthesis of membrane
proteins and proteins for export from the
cell

Answer 21

Rough Endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

Question 22

responsible for lipid synthesis and biotransformation (water-insoluble organic molecules are prepared for excretion)

Answer 22

Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

Question 23

RNA protein complexes responsible for
protein synthesis

Answer 23

Ribosomes

Question 24

involves in packaging and distribution of
proteins and lipids to internal and external
compartments

Answer 24

Golgi Apparatus

Question 25

digests excess or
worn-out biomolecules by
endocytosis

Answer 25

Lysosomes

Question 26

involves in the
ROS detoxification; breaks
down toxic molecules such as
peroxides

Answer 26

Peroxisomes

Question 27

responsible for ATP synthesis or
energy from the breakdown of
carbohydrates and lipids

Answer 27

Mitochondria