Cells and Systems

Question 1

What kind of cell is this?: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1DhKQuUb-xDWoINDQJMX-CjtdEHKFDP50gK47_mXZtRk/edit#slide=id.g134b3b1d98d_1_33

Answer 1

Animal Cell.

Question 2

What kind of cell is this?: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1DhKQuUb-xDWoINDQJMX-CjtdEHKFDP50gK47_mXZtRk/edit#slide=id.g134b3b1d98d_1_39

Answer 2

Plant Cell.

Question 3

What are some differences between Animal and Plant Cells?

Answer 3

Both animal and plant cells have the same components, other than these few. Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts and one main vacuole, while animal cells do not have a cell wall, or chloroplasts. Animal Cells have a few vacuoles.

Question 4

Why are cell membranes selectively permeable?

Answer 4

They are responsible for regulating what goes in and out of cells - selectively permeable means not everything gets through. So cell membranes can make sure that the cell gets what it needs, while keeping harmful substances out.

Question 5

Provide a diagram of Osmosis.

Answer 5

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1DhKQuUb-xDWoINDQJMX-CjtdEHKFDP50gK47_mXZtRk/edit#slide=id.g134b3b1d98d_1_45

Question 6

Provide a diagram of Diffusion.

Answer 6

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1DhKQuUb-xDWoINDQJMX-CjtdEHKFDP50gK47_mXZtRk/edit#slide=id.g134b3b1d98d_1_49

Question 7

What is cellular respiration?

Answer 7

A process where oxygen and nutrients are converted into energy.

Question 8

Where does cellular respiration occur?

Answer 8

In all cells.

Question 9

Why is cellular respiration important?

Answer 9

It produces energy for the body and gets rid of wastes (carbon dioxide).

Question 10

Describe the heart. (Circulatory system)

Answer 10

Includes 2 pumps that push blood around.

Question 11

Describe the arteries and veins. (Circulatory system)

Answer 11

Arteries bring blood to other parts of the body, and veins carry blood back to the heart.

Question 12

Describe the capillaries. (Circulatory system)

Answer 12

Capillaries are tiny, thin, and narrow blood vessels that allow for blood cells to pass through in a single file. They help increase the rate of gas exchange between the blood and cells.

Question 13

Describe the components of blood? (Circulatory system)

Answer 13

• Red blood cells carry oxygen.
• White blood cells fight infection.
• Platelets stop bleeding in cuts.
• Plasma is the liquid portion of blood that transports cells and carries waste.

Question 14

Describe the kidneys. (Excretory system)

Answer 14

Responsible for filtering blood, straining out urea, and getting rid of excess water.

Question 15

Describe the ureters. (Excretory system)

Answer 15

Tubes connecting the kidney to the bladder, where urine is stored until pushed through the urethra.

Question 16

Describe the liver. (Part of both excretory and digestive systems)

Answer 16

• Converts ammonia to urea.
• All the blood leaving the stomach and intestines passes through the liver. The liver processes this blood and breaks down, balances, and creates nutrients.

Question 17

Describe the skin’s function in the excretory system.

Answer 17

Excretes salts from your body when you sweat.

Question 18

Describe the stomach. (Digestive system)

Answer 18

Temporarily stores food, and produces enzymes and other specialized cells to digest food.

Question 19

Describe the esophagus. (Digestive system)

Answer 19

Carry’s liquid and food from your mouth to your stomach.

Question 20

Describe the small intestine. (Digestive system)

Answer 20

Further digests food coming from the stomach, also absorbs nutrients from the food.

Question 21

Describe the large intestine (Digestive system)

Answer 21

Absorbs water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food. The large intestine also gets rid of any waste products left over.

Question 22

Describe the brain. (Nervous System)

Answer 22

Receives information from all sensory organs, also receives information from inside the body as well.

Question 23

Describe the spinal cord. (Nervous System)

Answer 23

The spinal cord connects your brain to your lower back. It carries nerve signals to and from your brain. These nerve signals allow you to move your body, and feel different things.

Question 24

Label the Parts of the Microscope: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1DhKQuUb-xDWoINDQJMX-CjtdEHKFDP50gK47_mXZtRk/edit#slide=id.g134b3b1d98d_1_57

Answer 24

a) Eyepiece
b) Eyepiece tube
c) Coarse focus
d) Fine focus
e) Arm
f) Objective lenses
g) Stage
h) Light or mirror

Question 25

How do you use a microscope?

Answer 25

You place the slide on the stage under the 4X lens, then you focus with the coarse focus, then fine focus knobs. When the microscope is focused turn to the 10X lens, and focus with the fine focus knob. Again, when the microscope is focused turn to the 40X lens and focus with the fine focus knob.

Question 26

In the beakers shown, one side (either A or B) represents a carrot stick, and the other side represents a glass of water.: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1DhKQuUb-xDWoINDQJMX-CjtdEHKFDP50gK47_mXZtRk/edit#slide=id.g134b3b1d98d_1_63
Which side represents the carrot stick, and which side represents the glass of water?

Answer 26

𝗔 represents the carrot because it has a lower concentration of water. 𝗕 is the water, so osmosis levels the concentration of the carrot and the glass of water by allowing water particles into the carrot, and making the concentration even on each side.

Question 27

Label the Digestive System: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1DhKQuUb-xDWoINDQJMX-CjtdEHKFDP50gK47_mXZtRk/edit#slide=id.g134b3b1d98d_1_69

Answer 27

a) Mouth
b) Esophagus
c) Liver
d) Pancreas
e) Large intestine
f) Stomach
g) Kidney
h) Small intestine

Question 28

Label the Respiratory System: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1DhKQuUb-xDWoINDQJMX-CjtdEHKFDP50gK47_mXZtRk/edit#slide=id.g134b3b1d98d_1_75

Answer 28

a) Lungs
b) Larynx
c) Trachea
d) Bronchus
e) Bronchi-oles
f) Diaphragm