Cells and Structures of the Immune System Flashcards
which immune cells are part of the innate immune system
macrophages
neutrophils
dendritic cells
natural killer cells
which non-cellular components are part of the innate immune system
complement
inflammatory cytokines/chemokines
what are cytokines
what are chemokines
cytokines: large and diverse group of pro- or anti-inflammatory factors that regulate the cells of the immune system
chemokines: a group of secreted proteins within the cytokine family whose generic function is to induce cell migration
which immune cells are part of the adaptive immune system
T helper cells
cytotoxic T cells
B cells
which non-cellular components are part of the adaptive immune system
inflammatory cytokines
antibodies
what is haematopoiesis
formation and development of white blood cells and red blood cells from stem cells
which immune cells come from myeloid progenitors
granulocytes:
mast cells, basophils, eosinophils,
neutrophils
monocytes
which cells are polymorphonucleated cells
basophils, eosinophils and neutrophils
which type of progenitor cell produces monocytes
myeloid
when/where do monocytes differentiate into specialised cells
after they enter target tissues
which cells do lymphoid progenitors differentiate into
NK cells
T cells
B cells
what are the primary lymphoid organs
what is their role
thymus
bone marrow
where T and B cells mature and development
what are the secondary lymphoid organs
what is their role
lymph vessels
lymph nodes
spleen
site of interaction between immunocompetent cells and antigens
how do the cardiovascular and lymphatic system connect
liquid that infiltrates into tissue is drained into capillaries and lymphatic capillaries which carries it back to the heart via lymph nodes
why do high endothelial venules allow lymphocytes to cross the blood vessel wall
where do they go once they do
they have thick walls
enter the secondary lymphoid organs
what directs migration of lymphocytes through secondary lymphoid organs
chemokines
where in the lymph node do T cells and B cells migrate to
B-cells - follicles at the edge of the cortex
T-cells - paracortical areas
explain organised immune surveillance in the 2nd lymphoid organs
APCs enter in lymph carrying antigens and meet with lymphocytes
cells who do not meet their antigen remain for half a day and then leave via lymphatic system before re-entering circulation
cells who do are activated
what are PAMPs
pathogen associated molecular patterns
simple molecules expresses on pathogens but not self cells
