Cells and Organisation Flashcards
What is a cell?
The smallest unit of all living organisms
What is a light microscope?
A piece of equipment that can zoom in on small details and magnify the size
What is the nucleus?
The bit of a animal and plant cell that controls it and contains DNA
What is Cytoplasm?
The bit of a animal and plant cell that is the site of chemical reactions
What is the cell membrane?
The bit of the animal and plant cell that controls what enters and exits the cell
What are Vacuole?
The bit of a plant cell that keeps the cell rigid and contains sap
What is the cell wall?
The bit of a plant cell that gives the cell support and is made of cellulose!
What are chloroplasts?
The bit of a plant cell that contains chlorophyll and is where photosynthesis happens
What is diffusion?
The moving of particles from a high to a low concentration
What is a specialised cell?
A cell that has adapted to allow it to work
What is a specialised animal cell?
Red blood cell, sperm cell, egg cell and nerve cell
What is a tissue?
A group of the same cells working together
What is an organ?
A group of tissues working together
What is an organ system?
A group of organs working together
What is an organism?
A whole living thing
What is a multicellular organism?
An organism made up of many cells
What is a muscle?
A tissue needed for movement
What is an antagonistic pair?
Two muscles that move a bone when one muscle contracts the other relaxes
What is contracting?
When a muscle gets shorter
What is relaxing?
When a muscle gets longer
What is digestion?
The breakdown of large food molecules into smaller food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the blood
What are carbohydrates and lipids?
Food groups that are needed in our diet to give us energy
What is protein?
A food group that is needed in our diet for growth and repair
What is fibre?
A food group needed in our bodies for moving food through our intestines
What is water?
A food group needed in our diet to control body temperature and excrete waste
What are vitamins and minerals?
A food group needed in small amounts to maintain general health
What is age,sex and lifestyle?
Factors that affect how much food you should eat
What is the mouth?
A digestive organ where food is mechanically broken down
What is the stomach?
A digestive organ where the food is mechanically and chemically broken down
What does the small intestine do?
Absorb nutrients into the blood
What are enzymes?
Chemicals that digest large food molecules so that they can be absorbed by the small intestine
What does the large intestine do?
Absorbs water from food into the body to produce faeces (poo)
What is the rectum?
The place that stores faeces
Where is the anus?
Where faeces is removed from the body
