Cells and organelles Flashcards
Four unique features of a plant cell
Chloroplast, cell wall, central vacuole, plastid
Cell wall function
Structure that’s around each cell and provide support/ protection
Central vacuole function
Membrane bound sack, dump site for waste and storage site for water
Chloroplast function
Membrane organelle where photosynthesis occurs
Photosynthesis
The process of turning sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen
3 Functions of glucose made from photosynthesis
-used to build cellulose
-Broken down for energy
-Used to build starch
Plastid function
Membrane bound, organelle implants that serve as storage containers for a variety of molecules, including starch
Prokaryote
Single cell organism that has a cell wall and could possibly have ribosomes
Define cell theory
Cells are the basic unit of life
Every living organism is made up of one or more cells
True or false prokaryotic cells have ribosomes
True
5 Shared features between animal and plant cells
Nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, plasma membrane, cytosol
Cytosol
Fluid filled region inside plasma membrane but outside organelles
Ribosomes
Structure where proteins are built
Nucleus
Membrane bound, organelle that contains the DNA organized into linear chromosomes
Mitochondria
Membrane bound, organelles were monomer from food, are broken down to harvest the chemical energy in their covalent bonds
True or false all membranes have the same basic structure
True
True or false only hydrophilic molecules or big molecules can move across a phospholipid bilayer
False only hydrophobic molecules or small molecules, like oxygen and carbon dioxide
True or false hydrophilic molecules and water can move across the phospholipid layer by themselves
False
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Where proteins destined for outside cells are built
True or false do plant cells have endoplasmic reticulum
True
Define smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Contains enzymes that synthesize lipids, including phospholipids in steroids as well as enzymes that breakdown drugs
