cells and organelles

Question 1

PROkaryote

Answer 1

NO nucleus or cell membrane

Question 2

EUkaryote

Answer 2

TRUE nucleus and cell membrane

Question 3

organelle

Answer 3

“little organ”, a specific job within a cell

Question 4

cytoplasm

Answer 4

fills and protects the cell; B

Question 5

nucleolus

Answer 5

produce and assemble ribosomes within the cell; B

Question 6

nucleus

Answer 6

cell’s control center, DNA is here; B

Question 7

nuclear envelope

Answer 7

separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell; B

Question 8

ribosomes

Answer 8

makes proteins; B

Question 9

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 9

synthesize proteins, transport things around cells, ribosomes; B

Question 10

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 10

synthesize lipids, transport things around cells, no ribosomes; B

Question 11

golgi apparatus

Answer 11

packages and ships; B

Question 12

vacuoles

Answer 12

storage; B

Question 13

mitochondria

Answer 13

food molecules break down which convert into energy for the cell’s survival; B

Question 14

lysosomes

Answer 14

break down excess or worn-out cell parts; A

Question 15

cytoskeleton

Answer 15

helps cells maintain shape; B

Question 16

microfilaments

Answer 16

Supports the cell, not hollow, cell movement; B

Question 17

microtubules

Answer 17

Shape of the cell, hollow, cell division; B

Question 18

chloroplasts

Answer 18

produce energy through photosynthesis; P

Question 19

cell wall

Answer 19

provides strength and protection against mechanical stress; P

Question 20

cell membrane

Answer 20

regulates the transport of materials entering and exiting the cell; B

Question 21

Hypotonic

Answer 21

Excess O2, minimal solute

Question 22

Hypertonic

Answer 22

Lack of O2, excess solute

Question 23

Isotonic

Answer 23

Equal

Question 24

Solute

Answer 24

Particles dissolved in the solution

Question 25

Diffusion

Answer 25

Lipid bilayer
High to low
No energy
Passive
Small molecules

Question 26

Osmosis

Answer 26

Lipid bilayer
High to low
No energy
Passive
Water

Question 27

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 27

Protein Channel
High to low
No energy
Passive
Large molecules

Question 28

Active transport

Answer 28

Protein channels
Low to high
Energy
Active
Small ions

Question 29

Vesicular Transport

Answer 29

Does not pass through
Low to high
Energy
Active
Large ions

Question 30

2 organelles that have their own DNA

Answer 30

Mitochondria, chloroplasts

Question 31

5 differences between plant and animal cells

Answer 31

1. Plants have a chloroplast
2. Plants have a cell wall
3. Plants have 1 large vacuole while animals have many small
4. Animals have lysosomes
5. Animal is circular, plant is rectangular

Question 32

Prokaryote

Answer 32

Small
Simple
No nucleus
Single-celled, blue-green algae, bacteria

Question 33

Eukaryote

Answer 33

Large
Complex
TRUE nucleus
Muscle, stem, and skin cells

Question 34

Van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 34

First to see living things in pond water; using a microscope

Question 35

Hooke

Answer 35

Found dead cells in cork; was the first to use “cells”

Question 36

Cell Theory

Answer 36

1. Cells come from other cells
2. Basic units of life
3. All living things are made of cells

Question 37

2 things cells have in common

Answer 37

1. DNA
2. Cell membrane

Question 38

Organelle

Answer 38

Specific job within the cell