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biology > cells and living now > Flashcards

cells and living now Flashcards

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1
Q

MRS C GREN

A

movement, reproduction,sensitivity,control, growth,respiration,excretion,nutrition

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2
Q

nutriton

A

to take in food for nutriton and energy

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3
Q

respiration

A

realising energy

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4
Q

movement

A

an action by an organism

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5
Q

control

A

the ability to maintain their internal conditions

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6
Q

reproduction

A

production of new organisms

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7
Q

growth

A

increase in size and mass

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8
Q

excrete

A

removal of waste

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9
Q

sensitivity

A

detect changes in the surrounding

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10
Q

what does a plant cell have that an animal cell doesn’t

A

chloroplast, vacuole, cell wall

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11
Q

levels of organisation

A

cells -> Tissues -> organs -> Organ system -> organism

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12
Q

what is a eukaryotic cell?

A

multicellular organisms e.g. plants and animals are formed from eukaryotic cells.

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13
Q

what is a prokaryotic cell?

A

e.g. bacteria do not have nuclei and contain only the most simple organelles.

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14
Q

cytoplasm

A

where most of the chemical reactions happen

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15
Q

nucleus

A

contains genetic material which controls the cells activities

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16
Q

cell membrane

A

controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

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17
Q

mitochondria

A

where most energy os released in respiration

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18
Q

ribosomes

A

where protein synthesis happens

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19
Q

chloroplast (plant cell)

A

absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

20
Q

cell wall (plant cell)

A

strengthens the cell and supports the paint

21
Q

permanent vacuole (plant cell)

A

filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid.

22
Q

organ

A

a structure made up of a group of tissues working tougher to preform body functions

23
Q

organ system

A

a group of organs with related functions, working together to preform body functions

24
Q

organelle

A

a structure within the cell

25
Q

organism

A

a living thing

26
Q

tissue

A

a group of cells with similar structures working together to preform specific functions

27
Q

photosynthesis

A

the fundamental process by which plants manufacture carbohydrates from raw materials using energy from light.

28
Q

root hair cell (specialised)

A

plant roots have many of these. elongated section increases surface area to absorb water

29
Q

chlorphyll

A

a green, light-absorbing pigment found inside chloroplasts in plant cells

30
Q

chloroplast

A

an organelle found in some plant cells, which contains chlorophyll and where photosynthesis takes place

31
Q

concentration gradient

A

a difference in the concentration if molecules in different regions. molecules may more passively down this gradient to reach equilibrium

31
Q

cell sap

A

a solution of sugars and other substances inside the vacuole of a plant cell

32
Q

active transport

A

the moment of particles in or out of a cell through the cell membrane, from a region of their lower concentration to a region of their higher concentration against a concentration gradient using energy released during respiration.

33
Q

diffusion

A

the net movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration down a concentration gradient.

34
Q

cellulose

A

a polysaccharide carbohydrates which forms fibres and is found in the cell walls of plants

34
Q

osmosis

A

the diffusion of water molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.

35
Q

flaccid

A

a cell that has lost a lot of water, becoming soft

36
Q

turgid cell

A

a plant cell that has absorbed water and has cytoplasm that is pressing outward on the cell wall

37
Q

animals

A

multicellular organisms

38
Q

bacteria

A

single-celled organisms many are harmless and beneficial, some are pathogens .

39
Q

fungi

A

organisms that reproduce by spores or budding and live as parasites for example moulds, yeasts and mushrooms, they possess cell walls made form chitin

39
Q

pathogen

A

a micro-organisme

40
Q

plants

A

multicellular organisms which possess cellulose cell walls, they obtains energy by photosynthesis

41
Q

protoctists

A

unicellular organisms considered separate from fungi, plants and animals, but which have features shared with the animal plant kingdoms

42
Q

viruses

A

parasites consisting of DNA core surrounded by a protein coat, not considered to be living

43
Q
A

biology (3 decks)

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