Cells And Cell Theory Flashcards
A thin semipermeable membrane layer of lipids and proteins surrounding the cell.
Cell Membrane
An organelle that contains several other sub-organelles such as nucleolus, nucleosome and chromatins.
Nucleus
A double-membrane structure that surrounds the nucleus.
Nuclear Membrane
A small organelle found near the nucleus, which has a thick centre with radiating tubules.
Centrosome
They are round organelles surrounded by a membrane and comprising digestive enzymes which help is digestion, excretion and in the cell renewal process.
Lysosome
A jelly-like material which contains all the cell organelles.
Cytoplasm
The substance found within the cell nucleus, contained by the nuclear membrane.
Nucleoplasm
A flat, smooth layered, sae-like organelle which is located near the nucleus and involve in manufacturing, storing, packing and transporting the particles throughout the cell.
Golgi Apparatus
The powerhouse of the cell. It generates cellular energy.
Mitochondrion/Mitochondria
They are small organelles made upof RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules and they are the sites of protein synthesis.
Ribosome
A double-membrane surrounding nucleus.
Nuclear Envelope
It disappears when cell divides. Makes ribosome that makes proteins.
Nucleolus
Helps cell maintain its shape and also help more organelles around.
Cytoskeleton
Found only in animal cell. Paired structure near nucleus. Help to pull chromosome pairs apart to opposite end of the cell.
Centrioles
Heriditary materials of the cell.
DNA
All living things are made up of cell. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in an organism. Cells come from pre-existing cells through cell division.
Cell Theory
A German Zoologist who concluded that all animals were made up of cell.
Theodore Schwann
A German Botanist who concluded that all plants were made up of cells in 1838. Also a co-founder of the cell theory.
Matthias Schleiden
A German medical doctor who reasoned that all cells come from pre-existing cell by cell division. He also observed cells dividing under the microscope.
Rudolph Virchow
Responsible for naming cells. Used microscope to examine a thin slice of cork.
Robert Hooke
A dutch Microscope maker who used simple, handheld microscope to view pond water and scrapingsfrom his teeth. The first person to view organism.
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Cells that lack nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. Simplest type of cell.
Prokaryotes
Cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. More complex type of cell. It includes protists, fungi, plants, and animals.
Eukaryotes
3 Basic Cell Structure
Nucleus, Cell Membrane, and Cytoplasm with organelles
It protects bacterial cell from ingestions and destruction by white blood cells.
Capsule
It is very small. Performs various function for a cell.
Organelles
Heads contain glycerol and phospate andare hydrophilic. Tails are made of fatty acids and are hydrophobic. Can move laterally to allow small molecules to enter.
Phospholipids
To make cellular product like hormones and lipids.
Smooth ER
To produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function.
Rough ER
A membrane-bound organelle present inside a cell involve in maintaining shape and storing water, food, waste, etc.
Vacoule
It is an elongated organelle enclosed by phospholipid membrane. It is shaped like a disc.
Chloroplast
To protect the watery, gel-like interior of the bacterial cell.
Cytoplasmic Membrane
