Cells and Body Systems Flashcards
What are cells?
Cells are the smallest unit that can live on it’s own
What are tissues?
Tissues are groups of similar cells working together to carry out a specific function
What are organisms?
Organs are a group of similar tissues working together to carry out a specific function
What are all living things made out of?
All living things are made out of cells
What are specialised cells?
A cell designed to carry a particular job in the body
What is the function of red blood cells?
Red blood cells are in a biconcave shape and carry oxygen from the lungs to all the parts of the body
What is the function of nerve cells?
Nerve cells receive and send messages from the body to the brain
What is the function of root hair cells?
Root hair cells absorb water
What is the function of white blood cells?
White blood cells help the body fight infections and other diseases
What is the function of palisade cells?
Palisade cells absorb light
What organelle carries out photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts
What organelle contains DNA?
Nucleus
What organelle carries out respiration?
Mitochondria
What organelle contains proteins?
Ribosomes
What organelle contains sugar and sap?
Vacuole
What organelle do reactions take place?
Cytoplasm
What organelle controls what goes in and out of the cell?
Cell Membrane
What organelle maintains the shape of the cell?
Cell Wall
What organelles do only plant cells have?
Cell Wall, Vacuole and Chloroplasts
What are body systems?
Body Systems are groups of organs and tissues that work together to perform important jobs for the body
What are the different types of body systems?
The different types of body systems are skeletal, respiratory, and the reproductive system
What is the function of the skeletal system?
It gives the body shape, allows movement, and makes blood cells, provides protection for organs and stores minerals
How many bones does the human skeleton have?
206 bones
What are joints?
Where two or more bones meet to allow movement
What are three types of joints?
Hinge, ball and socket and fixed joint
What is the function of hinge joint?
Hinge joint is for movement forwards and backwards
What is the function of ball and socket joint?
Ball and socket joint is for movement in all direction
What is the function of fixed joint?
Fixed joints is for movements in no direction
What does bone marrow do?
Bone marrow makes red and white blood cells
What is a mineral from our diet, which makes our bones strong?
Calcium
What are the four functions of the skeleton?
Support, protection, making blood cells and movement
What are fluids between your bones called?
It is called lubrication and it prevents friction
Why are bones hard?
For protection
What protects your lungs?
Rib
What protects your brain?
Skull
What protects your spinal cord?
Vertebrae
What protects your heart?
Rib
What are bones joined to other bones by?
Ligaments
What are ligaments?
Bundles of connective tissues that connects to one bone. They keep our bones in place and stop us from moving them too far in any direction
What are cartilages?
Cartilages are strong, but smoother than bone and more flexible
What is synovial fluid?
Synovial fluid acts like oil for a machine, lubricating the joints and allowing smoother movements
What is the respiratory system?
The network of organs and tissues that help you breathe
How does gas exchange happen?
Air enters nose or mouth, air moves down the trachea, air moves into the bronchi, air moves into the bronchioles and air moves into alveoli
Where does gas exchange happen?
In the alveoli
What is inhaled into the body and what is exhaled out the body?
Oxygen is inhaled in the body and carbon dioxide, nitrogen are exhaled out of the body
What is the reproductive system?
The reproductive system is made of organs involved with sexual reproduction
