Cells Flashcards
What are different cell types?
Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic
What are Eukrayotic cells?
Has cell membrane and nucleus
Centromere
Joining point of chromatids
Diploid
Chromosomes in pair
Haploid
Chromosomes not in pair
What coarries the genetic info for retroviruses
RNA
Can a life form exist without DNA?
No. Though retroviruses exists only with RNA, but they become alive only when inside a host.
DNA?
Type of nucleic acid. Made up of large number of nucleotides.
Nucleotides?
Building block of Nucleic acid.
Components of Nucleotide
Nitrogen base, Sugar, Phospate group
Types of Nitrogen base?
Purines and Pyrimidines
What does Purine contain?
Adinine and Guanine (AG)
What does Pyrimidine contain?
Thymine and Cytosine (TC)
How are two strands of DNA connected?
Through hydrogen bonds between A&T and also G&C
Function of DNA?
Contains genetic info.
DNA synthesises RNA.
Where is DNA found?
In nucleus. Also in mitochondria and chloroplast in small quantities.
What is a gene?
Gene is a hereditary unit which is made by a segment of DNA.
What is cytoplasm?
Fluid outside the nucleus but within the cell membrane.
What is nucleoplasm?
Fluid found inside the nucleus.
What is RNA?
Single stranded nucleic acid. Made up of phospate, ribose sugar and nitrogen base.
Nitrogen base has Uracil instead of Thymine.
Types of RNA.
mRNA, rRNA and tRNA
What are Lipids?
A chain of fatty acids. Acts as source of energy if carbohydrate is not present.
What is retro virus?
It is an RNA virus (RNA as genetic material) that replicates in a host cell. It uses reverse transcriptase enzyme to produce DNA from its RNA genome, which is reverse of usual pattern (DNA -> RNA), thus retro(backwards)
What type of virus cause most of the diseases?
RNA virus causes most of the diseases. Chickenpox and smallpox are the disease caused by DNA virus.
What is Mitosis and Meosis?
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