Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

List in order of increasing size: plants, microbial and animal calls.

A

microbial cells, plant cells, animal cells.

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2
Q

Characteristics of viruses? (4)

A
  • belong to grey area of living/ non living
  • don’t have cellular structure
  • can’t carry out metabolic activities in isolation
  • can’t self replicate
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3
Q

What type of shapes do cells have?

A

There is no fixed shape for cells as all cells have different functions and thus different shapes to suit them.

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4
Q

Why are cells so small?

A

The smaller the cell, the higher the SA:V and the greater the efficiency of two way exchange across plasma membrane, allowing cell to meet nutrient needs.

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5
Q

How can you increase cell SA:V? (4)

A
  • folded membrane
  • thin narrow shape
  • plasma membrane extension
  • cell compartmentalisation
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6
Q

What is a cell compartmentalisation?

A

Cells that contain many membrane bound organelles.

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7
Q

What are the benefits of cel compartmentalisation? (3)

A
  • increases cells overall efficiency
  • allows cells to perform individual reactions
  • gives isolation to these reactions
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8
Q

What are the features of a prokaryotic cell? DORA

A
  • dna is dispersed through out the cell: no nucleus, non linear
  • few organelles, which are NOT membrane bound
  • reproduce quickly through binary fission
  • average size is very small
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9
Q

What are the features of a eukaryotic cell? DOA

A
  • DNA is contained with in nucleus: linear
  • Contains many organelles which ARE membrane bound
  • Average size is larger
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10
Q

What are the differences between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells?

A

Eukaryotic cells: complex, large, linear dna, membrane bound organelles and nucleus
Prokaryotic cells: simple, small, singular circle dna, no membrane bound organelles or nucleus.

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11
Q

What is the function of ribosomes?

A

Site of cell where proteins are made.

Amino acids assembled and joined to peptides.

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12
Q

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Interconnected system of membrane enclosed flattened channels.
Involved in transporting proteins to sites in cell.

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13
Q

What is the function of the golgi body?

A

Responsible for the modification and export of proteins.

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