Cells Flashcards
What are all living things made of?
Cells
What are the seven characteristics of living things
Movement Respiration Sensitivity Nutrition Excretion Reproduction Growth
What is the mnemonic to remember the 7 characteristics of living things
Mrs Nerg
Or
Mrs Gren
How do animals get food
They eat other plants and animals
How do plants obtain food
Plants obtain food through the process of photosynthesis
What is the equation of respiration
Food and oxygen equals carbon dioxide and water and energy
Why do plants and animals need to reproduce
All plants and animals eventually die if they reproduce their offspring will live on and their species will survive
What waste of plants and animals get rid off
Animals get rid of waste like urine and carbon dioxide
Plants get rid of waste like oxygen
Why must the fox move
Fox moves so it can hunt for food
Why does the rabbit move
The rabbit moves so it can find food and avoid predators
Why can plants not move from place to place
Because they are rooted into this the soil
What part of the body grows least between 18 months and 16 years
The head
How do plants react to light
They bend towards the light
How do woodlice react to light
Woodlice will find a dark area to hide in
How does an alien know that a teddy bear is not alive but a grizzly bear is
The grizzly bear can do all seven characteristics of living things but the teddy bear can do none
Are bacteria alive
Bacteria can sense where food is and move towards it they feed respire excrete and grow when they’re big enough they reproduce by splitting in half they are alive
Are viruses alive
Viruses cannot live by themselves they must get inside a living cell then they can reproduce they are not alive
What are plants and animals made of
Cells
How can you see cells
Using a microscope
How big our some of our cells
Around 0.5 mm
Why must we use a microscope properly
Microscopes are expensive to replace you will only be able to see cells clearly if you use the microscope correctly
What are the different parts of a microscope
The ocular tube, The rotating nose piece, The objective lenses, the stage clips, the iris diaphragm, the electric light, the eyepiece lense, The body, the stage, the coarse focus control, fine focus control, the base
What is a cell membrane
It is a thick skin which controls which substances can enter or leave the cell
What is the cytoplasm
It is a thick juice inside the cell all the chemical reactions inside the cell occur here
What is the nucleus
The nucleus is the control centre of the cell it contains chromosomes made of DNA which organise all the cells activities
What is the cell wall
The cell wall is made up of Celulose it is strong and helps to support the cell it gives the plant cell a regular shape
What are the chloroplasts
They contain the green pigment chlorophyll plants use chloroplasts to absorb sunlight when they make food.
What is the permanent vacuole
It is full of watery cell sap it helps to support the cell from the inside like they’re in a bicycle tire
Why do we not make slides of our own cells
Because there is a very slight chance of spreading disease from one person to another
What is in an animal cell
Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm
What is in a plant cell
Nucleus, so membrane, cytoplasm, cell wall, chloroplasts, permanent vacuole
Why do you onion cells not have chloroplasts
Because onion cells grow underground
What is meant by variation
Variations are the slight differences in the Human
body
What are some variations
Voice, hair colour, height, Eye colour, skin colour, tongue roller
What is the general shape of a bar chart
The general shape of a bar chart is it is short at the start then it gets taller then it gets smaller again. It is bell shaped
What is clear-cut variation give to examples
Tongue rolling and ptu tasting
What is the shape of a neurone
It they are very long and thin with branches
How does the shape help the Nerone
It can carry messages from one end of the body to the other and it can pass the message to lots of other cells
What is the shape of a root hair cell for a plant
It has a long thin hair like structure on the side of the cell that goes into the ground
How does the shape help the root hair cell
It increases the surface area of the sale so it can absorb the water and minerals from the soil
What do cells joined together make
Cells joined together make a tissue
What does the liver do
The liver breaks down poison, it helps us digester food, it’s stores chemicals like iron
What does the heart do
The heart pumps blood around the body
What do the lungs do
The land use gas exchange, oxygen goes into the blood and carbon dioxide please
What does the kidney do
The kidney filters the blood, removing waste, producing a liquid product called urine
What does the stomach do
The stomach holds food and helps digest it
What organs are in the digestive system
The garlic, stomach, the small and large intestine, the liver
What is the function of the digestive system
It takes in food, breaks it down, absorbs nutrients, it gets rid of faeces
What are the diseases of the digestive system
Crohn’s, ulcers, IBS
What organs are in the respiratory system
The wind pipe, the lungs, the ribs, the diaphragm
What is the function of the respiratory system
Breathing, getting air in and out, gas exchange
What other diseases of the respiratory system
Lung cancer, bronchitis, asthma
What are the main organs in the circulatory system
The heart, blood, blood vessels (arteries, capillaries, veins )
What is the function of the circulatory system
Transporting oxygen and chemicals around the body
What are the diseases of the circulatory system
Heart attacks, angina, varicose vein’s
What are the main organs of the excretory system
Kidney, bladder, liver
Is the function of the excretory system
Getting rid of waste
What are the diseases of the excretory system
Kidney stones, transplant
What are the organs of the nervous system
Brain, spinal-cord, nerves
What is the function of the nervous system
It’s coordinate your body
What are the diseases of the nervous system
Strokes, Parkinson is, Alzheimer’s
What are the main organs of the skeletal system
Bones
What is the function of the skeletal system
Support, protection, movement
What are the diseases of the skeletal system is
Arthritis, fractures or broken bones, dislocation
