Cells Flashcards
introduction of anatomy and cell review.
Plasma membrane
Fluid mosaic model, double lipid bilayer
Outer cell membrane.
Cytoplasm
extra cellular fluid add here
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
manufacturing dept or membrane factory
- studded with ribosomes that make proteins
- well developed in gland cells that secrete large amounts of protein, like mucous.
- make the digestive enzymes used by the lysosomes
Rough ER:
makes proteins and membrane lipids – Has ribosomes attached
Smooth ER:
No ribosomes thus no protein making.
-Most preform lipid metabolism (e.g. makes steroid hormones)
Golgi body
“shipping & receiving dept.”
Sorts and packages proteins and membranes and sends them to desired places in the cell.
Lysosome
“demolition dept.”
Mitochondria
site of energy synthesis
Microtubules
- largest diameter elements within the cytoskeleton
- hollow spherical tubes made of tubulin
- radiate from the centrosome, area surrounding the nucleus
- stiff but bendable they control the shape of the cell
- mitochondria, lysosomes and secretory granules attach here
Microfilaments
- Smallest diameter, thinnest elements of the cytoskeleton
- Made of the protein actin, works with myosin to squeeze the cell during cell division and endo- and exocytosis.
- concentrated just under the plasma membrane.
- Intermediate filaments
• Medium-sized diameter
• High tensile strength (resists pulling)
• Most permanent and stable
• Specific for each type of cell (e.g. keratin)
- also function to attach cells with desmosomes.
specialized cell contacts
- Tight junctions • Desmosomes
* Gap junctions
