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Biology 10 H > Cells! > Flashcards

Cells! Flashcards

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1
Q

Who observed pond water and saw lots of small organisms?

A

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

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2
Q

What are the three parts of the Cell Theory

A
  1. Cells are the basic unit of structure/ function
  2. All living things are made of cells
  3. All cells come from pre-existing cells
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3
Q

Who said that all plants are made of cells?

A

Matthias Schleiden

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4
Q

Who said that animals are made of cells?

A

Theodor Schwann

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5
Q

Who said cells come from pre-existing cells?

A

Rudolf Virchow

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6
Q

how many different types of cells are there?

A

over 200 kinds of cells!

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7
Q

How big are cells?

A

most cells are between 10-50 micrometers in diameter

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8
Q

Characteristics of eukaryotic cells

A

-Contain membrane-bound organelles(including the nucleus) -Make up multicellular eukaryotic organisms

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9
Q

Prokaryotic

A
  • no membranes around their organelles(DNA free floating)

- make up unicellular prokaryotes

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10
Q

On average, how many times larger are eukaryotic cells?

A

10 times larger

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11
Q

Rough ER

A
  • given the name because of the ribosomes found on its surface
  • modifies proteins/packages proteins and ships them to Golgi apparatus (in vesicles)
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12
Q

Smooth ER

A
  • contains enzymes
  • detoxifies
  • synthesis of lipids
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13
Q

Ribosomes

A
  • small particles of RNA

- PROTEIN

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14
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

-modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the ER for storage in the cell or to release outside of the cell

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15
Q

Lysosomes

A

digest all of the things!!!!!!!!
(breaks down lipids, carbs., and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell. Also digest organelles that have “died”)

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16
Q

Vacuoles

A

Vacuoles store materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.

17
Q

Centrioles

A
  • help the cell divide
  • look like churros
  • usually two of them next to each other
18
Q

Cytoplasm

A
  • jelly stuff between organelles
  • lets them float around
  • makes the cell have shape
19
Q

Organelles

A

-“little organs”

20
Q

Nucleus

A
  • contains nearly all of the DNA

- tells everyone what to do

21
Q

Mitochondria

A

-Powerhouse of the cell

22
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

-helps cell maintain its shape and is also involved in movement

23
Q

Microfilaments

A

-threadlike structures

24
Q

Microtubules

A
  • hollow

- maintaining cell shape

25
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Chloroplasts capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into food that contains chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis.

26
Q

Cell Wall

A
  • in plants
  • helps stand up
  • helpful
27
Q

Who discovered the cell by looking at cork cells?

A

Robert Hooke

Biology 10 H (2 decks)

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