Cells Flashcards
Nucleus function
Repository of genetic information
You can find DNA
Plasma membrane function
Serves as selective barrier permitting entrance of essential nutrients and preventing loss of needed substances
Secretes waste products
Nucleolus
Contains copies of genes for rRNA
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Site of protein synthesis
For storage and secretion of protein products outside the cell
With ribosomes
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Enzymes present differs according to function of the system
Without ribosomes
SER in intestinal cell
for synthesis of triglycerides
SER in adrenal cortex cell
for synthesis of steroid hormones
SER in liver
site of cytochrome P450which is involved in the metabolism of steroids, drugs
Golgi apparatus
Flattened sacs or vesicles continuous with ER to which the newly synthesized proteins are transported and temporarily stored
Site of glycosylation
Mitochondria
Site of cellular respiration and production of ATP
Contains the enzymes of citric acid cycle, b-oxidation of fatty acids, electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation
Contain their own DNA and reproduce by dividing in two
Lysosomes
Vesicles surrounded by membrane containing hydrolytic and degradative enzymes
Functions to digest material ingested by endocytosis and recycle cellular components
Peroxisomes
Contain oxidative enzymes (oxidases) and catalasewhich synthesize and degrades hydrogen peroxide
Function to protect sensitive cell components from oxidative attacks
Cytoskeleton
give the cell its shape and ability to move;
responsible for the arrangement and internal motion of its organelles
Microtubules
Form the supportive framework that guided the movement of organelles within a cell, eg, mitotic spindle
Constituent of cilia
Microfilaments
Consist of actin Form contractile assemblies that is responsible for intracellular movements
Cytosol
Aqueous matrix that remains after the insoluble components of the cytoplasm are removed
