cells Flashcards
Nucleus role
Controls the activities of the cell
Cell membrane
Controls what substances enter and exit the cell
Cytoplasm
Where chemical reactions take place
Mitochondria
Where aerobic respiration takes place - release energy
Ribosomes
Where protein synthesis takes place
Chloroplasts
Plant cells: Carry out photosynthesis
Cell wall
Plant cells: Protects and supports the cell - in plant cells, made out of cellulose.
Vacuole
Only in plant cells: Filled with cell sap, contains dissolved sugars and mineral ions.
Eukaryotic cell
Has membrane bound organelles e.g - animal cell
Prokaryotic cell
No membrane bound organelles
e.g - viruses/bacteria
What bacterium is used when making yogurt?
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus
Differences between virus and bacteria cell.
Virus is smaller.
Virus has protein coat.
Are viruses living?
No, they dont carry out any of MRS C GREN.
Tobacco Mosaic Virus
Causes discolouration in plant leaves due to it preventing chloroplast formation.
Protoctists examples:
Algae
Chorella
Amoeba
Plasmodium
Plasmodium
- pathogenic
- causes malaria
- lives in mosquitos body, its what they inject when they bite humans, this is how we get malaria.
- can be unicellular or multicellular
Fungi cell wall
Made out of chitin
Fungi
Has properties of plant cells - excluding chloroplasts
Fungi examples
- Mushrooms
- Mucor
Fungi have..
Thread-like structures called hyphae that form a network called mycelium.
Fungi - Nutrition
Carry out saprotrophic nutrition - extracellular secretion of enzymes onto dead matter.
Yeast is used in…
Beer and Bread Making
Yeast anaerobic respiration
Glucose —> ethanol + carbon dioxide
The bubbles of carbon dioxide help the bread rise.
Five Kingdoms
- Plants
- Animals
- Protoctists
- Bacteria
- Fungi
Carbohydrates stored as…
- In fungi
- In plants
- In animals
- In fungi : Glycogen
- In plants : Starch
- In animals : Glycogen
