Cells Flashcards
What are the differences between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole; animal cells do not.
What are the functions of the nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, and cell membrane?
Nucleus: Contains DNA, controls cell activities.
Mitochondria: Site of aerobic respiration, produces ATP.
Ribosomes: Protein synthesis.
Cell membrane: Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell.
What are the functions of the cell wall, chloroplasts, and vacuole (in plant cells)?
Cell wall: Provides structure and support.
Chloroplasts: Site of photosynthesis.
Vacuole: Stores cell sap and maintains turgor pressure.
What is diffusion?
Movement of molecules from high to low concentration.
What is osmosis?
Movement of water molecules from high to low water potential across a semi-permeable membrane.
What is active transport and how is it different from diffusion?
Active transport moves molecules against the concentration gradient using energy (ATP).
How does turgor pressure help support plant cells?
Water enters the vacuole by osmosis, creating pressure against the cell wall, keeping the cell firm.
