Cells Flashcards
MRS GREND
Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity to stimuli
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion of waste
Nutrition
DNA
What are cells?
Cells are what make up all living organisms.
Unicellular
Life forms consist of only one cell
Multicellular
Life forms are made of many cells
Prokaryotic cell
Smaller than a eukaryotic, has a cell membrane, doesn’t have a nucleus.
Example of prokaryotic cell
Bacteria and archaea
Eukaryotic cell
Bigger than a prokaryotic, has a nucleus surrounded by membrane bound organelles.
Examples of eukaryotic cell
Fungi, plant and animal.
Plant cell
Part of a multi-cellular organism, has a nucleus and organelles, has a cell wall and a cell membrane, is a eukaryotic cell.
Animal cell
Part of a multi-cellular organism, has a nucleus and organelles, doesn’t have a cell wall, does have a cell membrane, is a eukaryotic cell.
Organelles
Means ‘mini organ’. Each organelle has a specific job, and they are all suspended in the cytoplasm.
Nucleus
Holds the DNA of eukaryotes, contains most of the cells DNA.
What is the nucleus made up of
Made up of nucleolus (contains ribosomal RNA) and nuclear envelope (membrane), which ensures the protection of the DNA
What is the function of the nucleus
The function of the nucleus is to direct the cell’s activities.
Cytoplasm
The term used to describe the internal environment of the cell (includes the Cytosol and organelles)
What is the cytosol
Cytosol is a watery, or jelly-like, solution that contains dissolved substances and enzymes
Ribosomes
- Involved in and site of protein synthesis.
- Not membrane bound (also found in prokaryotic cells)
Where can ribosomes be found
Can be found free in the cytoplasm or can be associated with an endoplasmic reticulum.
