Cells

Question 1

Question: What are the three main ideas of Cell Theory?

Answer 1

1. All organisms are made of cells.
2. Cells are the unites of structure and function in organisms.
3. All cells come from other cells.

Question 2

Question: What size are cells?

Answer 2

Cells are small to have a high surface area to volume ratio which helps diffusion

Question 3

Topic: Structure and Function

Answer 3

Multicellular organisms benefit from their body/body parts having specific surface area to volume ratio

Question 4

Topic: Eukaryotic Cells.

Answer 4

• Has a nucleus
• Unicellular or multicellular
• Membrane bound organelles
• linear chromosomes
• Meiosis or Mitosis
• Complex
• Larger
  Examples: protists, fungi, plants, and animals

Question 5

Topic: Prokaryotic cells

Answer 5

• No nucleus
• unicellular
• No membrane bound organelles
• 1 main chromosome
• binary fission
• simple
• DNA is in the cytoplasm
• Examples: bacteria, archaebacteria

Question 6

Function: Cell Membrane

Answer 6

It controls which substances go in or out of the cell to protect it

Question 7

Function: Cell Wall

Answer 7

It provides structural support, shape, and protects the cell.

Question 8

Function: Chloroplast

Answer 8

Produces energy through photosynthesis

Question 9

Function: Cilia

Answer 9

1. Helps cell move in fluids
2. Stationary cell - helps things move past cell

Question 10

Function: Cytoplasm

Answer 10

• Gel-like fluid environment
• Protects and holds organelles in place

Question 11

Function: Cytoskeleton

Answer 11

• Provides structural support
• Helps with cell movement

Question 12

Function: Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 12

Rough: Produces and processes proteins
Smooth: Produces lipids

Question 13

Function: Flagellum

Answer 13

Provides motility for the cell (motility is the ability to move)

Question 14

Function: Golgi apparatus

Answer 14

Transports and modifies proteins and lipids

Question 15

Function: Large Central Vacuole (A special type of vacuole)

Answer 15

• Stores water and other substances
• No set shape

Question 16

Function: Lysosome

Answer 16

• Digests and recycles molecules
• Destroys “broken” organelles

Question 17

Function: Mitochondrion

Answer 17

Produces energy through cellular respiration

Question 18

Function: Nucleus

Answer 18

• Stores and protects DNA
• Acts as the cell’s control center (because of the DNA)

Question 19

Function: Ribosome

Answer 19

Synthesizes proteins

Question 20

Function: Vesicle

Answer 20

Transports and stores substances