Cells Flashcards
What is the function of plasma membrane ?
Regulates the movements of substances into and out the cell. Also has receptor molecules which allows it to respond to chemicals like hormones.
What is the description of Plasma membrane?
It is the membrane found on the surface of animal cells and just inside the cell wall of plant cells and prokaryotic cells. It is made mainly of lipids and proteins
What is the description of a cell wall?
It is a rigid structure that surrounds plant cells. It is made mainly of the carbohydrate cellulose
What is the function of the cell wall?
Supports plant cells
What is the description of lysosome?
It is a round organelle surrounded by a membrane, with no clear internal structure
What is the function of lysosome?
Contains digestive enzymes. These are kept separate from the cytoplasm by the surrounding membrane and can be used to digest invading cells or to break down worn out components of the cell
Explain the role of the membrane in the rough endoplasmic reticulum
Separating proteins synthesised from cell cytoplasm, holds ribosomes/ enzymes in place, maintain onditions from cell cytoplasm
What is the description of ribosomes
A very small organelle that either floats free in the cytoplasm or is attached to the rough endoplasmic meticulum. It is made up of proteins and RNA. It is not surrounded by a membrane
What is the function of ribosomes
The site where proteins are made
What is the description of the rough endoplasmic reticulum
It is a system of membranes enclosing a fluid-filled space. The surface is covered with ribosome
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum
Folds and processes proteins that have been made at the ribosomes.
What is the description of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
A system of membrane enclosing a fluid- filled space
What is the description of a vesicle?
A small fluid filled sac in the cytoplasm, surrounded by a membrane.
What is the the function of a smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Synthesises and processes lipids
What is the function of the vesicle
Transport substances in and out of the cell via the plasma membrane and between organelles.
What is the description of the Golgi apparatus
A group of fluid filled membrane bound, flattened sacs. Vesicles are often seen at the edges of the sacs
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
It processes and packages new lipids and proteins. It also makes lysosome
What is the description of the mitochondrion
They are oval shaped. They have a double membrane where the inner one is folded to from structures called cristae . Inside is the matrix which contains enzymes involved in respiration.
What is the function of mitochondrion
The site of aerobic respiration. Where ATP is produced.
What is the description of chloroplast?
A small flattened structure found in plant cell. It’s surrounded by a double membrane and also has a membrane inside called thylakoid membranes.
What is the function of chloroplast
The site where photosynthesis takes place. Some parts of photosynthesis happens in the grand and other parts happen in the stroma
What is the description of a cilia
It is small, has hair like structures found on the surface membrane of some animal cells. In cross section they have an outer membrane and a ring of nine pairs of protein microtubules with two microtubules in the middles
What is the function of a centriole
Involves with the separation of chromosomes during cell division.
What is the description of a centriole
Small, hollow cylinders made of microtubules. Found in animal cells, but only some plant cells
