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PMLS > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cells composed of four elements?

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen

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2
Q

How many % of water are cells about?

A

60%

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3
Q

Transparent barrier for cell contents

A

Plasma Membrane

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4
Q

Contains cell contents

A

Plasma Membrane

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5
Q

Separates cell contents from surrounding environment

A

Plasma Membrane

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6
Q

arrange “tail to tail”

A

two layers of phospholipids

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7
Q

scattered among the phospholipids

A

cholesterol and proteins

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8
Q

Sugar groups may be attached to the phospholipids

A

forming glycolipids

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9
Q

Water loving

A

Hydrophilic

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10
Q

Water fearing

A

Hydrophobic

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11
Q

polar “heads” are oriented on the inner and outer surfaces of the membrane

A

hydrophilic

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12
Q

non-polar tails form center (interior) of the membrane

A

Hydrophobic

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13
Q

Impermeable junctions

A

Tight junctions

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14
Q

Bind cells together into leakproof sheets

A

Tight junctions

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15
Q

Plasma membranes fuse like a zipper to prevent substances from passing through extra cellular space between cells

A

Tight junctions

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16
Q

Anchoring junctions, like rivets
prevent cells from being pulled apart as a result of mechanical stress

A

Desmosomes

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17
Q

Created by buttonlike thickenings of adjacent plasma membranes

A

Desmosomes

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18
Q

To allow communication
found in the heart and between embryonic cells
neighboring cells are connected by hollow cylinders composed of proteins called (Connexons)

A

Gap junction

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19
Q

Control center of the cells

A

Nucleus

20
Q

Contains genetic material known as deoxyribonucleic acid , or DNA

A

Nucleus

21
Q

Needed for building proteins

A

DNA

22
Q

necessary for cell reproduction

A

DNA

23
Q

Three regions of nucleus

A

Nuclear envelope (membrane)
Nucleolus
Chromatin

24
Q

Sites of ribosome assembly

A

Nucleolus

25
Q

The cellular material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrance

A

Cytoplasm

26
Q

Site of most cellular activities

A

Cytoplasm

27
Q

Includes cytosol, inclusions and organelles

A

Cytoplasm

28
Q

Fluid that suspends other elements and contains nutrients

A

Cytosol

29
Q

Chemical substances, such as stored nutrients or cell products, that float in cytosol

A

Inclusions

30
Q

Metabolic machinery of the cell that perform functions for the cell

A

Organelles

31
Q

Powerhouses of the cells

A

Mitochondria

32
Q

consist of a double membrane with cristae on the inner membrane

A

Mitochondrial wall

32
Q

Carry out reactions in which oxygen is used to break down food into ATP molecules

A

Mitochondria

33
Q

Made of protein and ribosomal RNA

A

Ribosomes

34
Q

Sites of protein synthesis in the cell

A

Ribosomes

35
Q

Where ribosomes located

A

Free in the cytoplasma
Attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum

36
Q

Fluid-filled tunnels (or canals) that carry substances within the cell

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

37
Q

Continuous with the nuclear membrane

A

ER

38
Q

Two types of ER

A

Rough
Smooth

39
Q

Studded with ribosomes

A

Rough ER

40
Q

Transport vesicles move proteins within cell

A

Rough ER

41
Q

Synthesizes proteins

A

Rough ER

42
Q

Abundant in cells that make and export proteins

A

Rough ER

43
Q

Two basic methods of transport

A

Passive processes
Active Processes

44
Q

substances are transported across the membrane without any input from the cells

A

Passive processes

45
Q

Cell provides the metabolic energy to drive the transport process

A

Active processes

46
Q
A

PMLS (4 decks)

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