Cells

Question 1

What are the cells composed of four elements?

Answer 1

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen

Question 2

How many % of water are cells about?

Answer 2

60%

Question 3

Transparent barrier for cell contents

Answer 3

Plasma Membrane

Question 4

Contains cell contents

Answer 4

Plasma Membrane

Question 5

Separates cell contents from surrounding environment

Answer 5

Plasma Membrane

Question 6

arrange “tail to tail”

Answer 6

two layers of phospholipids

Question 7

scattered among the phospholipids

Answer 7

cholesterol and proteins

Question 8

Sugar groups may be attached to the phospholipids

Answer 8

forming glycolipids

Question 9

Water loving

Answer 9

Hydrophilic

Question 10

Water fearing

Answer 10

Hydrophobic

Question 11

polar “heads” are oriented on the inner and outer surfaces of the membrane

Answer 11

hydrophilic

Question 12

non-polar tails form center (interior) of the membrane

Answer 12

Hydrophobic

Question 13

Impermeable junctions

Answer 13

Tight junctions

Question 14

Bind cells together into leakproof sheets

Answer 14

Tight junctions

Question 15

Plasma membranes fuse like a zipper to prevent substances from passing through extra cellular space between cells

Answer 15

Tight junctions

Question 16

Anchoring junctions, like rivets
prevent cells from being pulled apart as a result of mechanical stress

Answer 16

Desmosomes

Question 17

Created by buttonlike thickenings of adjacent plasma membranes

Answer 17

Desmosomes

Question 18

To allow communication
found in the heart and between embryonic cells
neighboring cells are connected by hollow cylinders composed of proteins called (Connexons)

Answer 18

Gap junction

Question 19

Control center of the cells

Answer 19

Nucleus

Question 20

Contains genetic material known as deoxyribonucleic acid , or DNA

Answer 20

Nucleus

Question 21

Needed for building proteins

Answer 21

DNA

Question 22

necessary for cell reproduction

Answer 22

DNA

Question 23

Three regions of nucleus

Answer 23

Nuclear envelope (membrane)
Nucleolus
Chromatin

Question 24

Sites of ribosome assembly

Answer 24

Nucleolus

Question 25

The cellular material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrance

Answer 25

Cytoplasm

Question 26

Site of most cellular activities

Answer 26

Cytoplasm

Question 27

Includes cytosol, inclusions and organelles

Answer 27

Cytoplasm

Question 28

Fluid that suspends other elements and contains nutrients

Answer 28

Cytosol

Question 29

Chemical substances, such as stored nutrients or cell products, that float in cytosol

Answer 29

Inclusions

Question 30

Metabolic machinery of the cell that perform functions for the cell

Answer 30

Organelles

Question 31

Powerhouses of the cells

Answer 31

Mitochondria

Question 32

consist of a double membrane with cristae on the inner membrane

Answer 32

Mitochondrial wall

Question 32

Carry out reactions in which oxygen is used to break down food into ATP molecules

Answer 32

Mitochondria

Question 33

Made of protein and ribosomal RNA

Answer 33

Ribosomes

Question 34

Sites of protein synthesis in the cell

Answer 34

Ribosomes

Question 35

Where ribosomes located

Answer 35

Free in the cytoplasma Attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 36

Fluid-filled tunnels (or canals) that carry substances within the cell

Answer 36

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 37

Continuous with the nuclear membrane

Answer 37

ER

Question 38

Two types of ER

Answer 38

Rough Smooth

Question 39

Studded with ribosomes

Answer 39

Rough ER

Question 40

Transport vesicles move proteins within cell

Answer 40

Rough ER

Question 41

Synthesizes proteins

Answer 41

Rough ER

Question 42

Abundant in cells that make and export proteins

Answer 42

Rough ER

Question 43

Two basic methods of transport

Answer 43

Passive processes Active Processes

Question 44

substances are transported across the membrane without any input from the cells

Answer 44

Passive processes

Question 45

Cell provides the metabolic energy to drive the transport process

Answer 45

Active processes