ANAPHY Flashcards
Directional Terms & Sections Types of Organ System
Away from the body surface; more internal
Deep (internal)
Toward or at the body surface
Superficial (extrernal)
Farther away from the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Distal
Close to the origin of the body part or at the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Proximal
Between a more medial and a more lateral structure
Intermediate
Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
Lateral
Toward of at the midline of the body; on the inner side of
Medial
Toward or backside of the body; behind
Posterior (dorsal)
Toward or at front of the body; in front of
Anterior (ventral)
Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure; behind
Inferior (caudal)
Toward the head end or upper part of a structure; above
Superior ( cranail/cephalic)
The wrist is___to the hand
proximal
The breastbone is ___ to the spine
Anterior
The brain is ___ to the spinal cord
Superior
The thumb is ___ to the fingers
Lateral
The cut is down the median plane of the body and the right and left parts are equal in size
Median ( midsagittal) section
It is a cut along a lengthwise plane that divides the body or an organ
Frontal (Coronal) plane
It is a cut along horizontal plane, dividing the body or organ into superior and inferior parts
Transverse Plane
Atoms combine to form molecules
Chemical Level
cells are made up of molecules
Cellular Level
Tissue consist of similar types of cells
Tissue Level
Organs made up of different types of tissues
Organ Level
Consist of different type of organs that work together
Organ system level
Human organisms are made up of many organ systems
Organismal level
Body movements, maintains posture and produces heat
Muscular
Generates actions potential to regulate body activities; detects changes in body’s internal and external environments
- brain, spinal cod, nerves
Nervous
Regulates body activities by releasing hormones (chemical messengers transported in blood from endocrine gland or tissue to target organ)
- pineal gland
- hypothalamus
- pituitary gland
- thymus
- thyroid gland
- parathyroid glands
- adrenal glands
- pancreas
- ovaries
- testes
Endocrine
heart pumps blood through vessels; blood carries oxygen and nutrients to cells and carbon dioxide wastes away from cells and helps regulates acid base balance
Cardiovascular
Returns proteins and fluid to blood
carries lipids from gastrointestinal tract to blood
- spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils
houses white blood cells
lymphatic
to keep the body supplied with oxygen and to remove carbon dioxide
- nasal passages
- pharynx
- larynx
- trachea
- bronchi
- lungs
Respiratory
achieves physical and chemical breakdown of food; absorbs nutrients, eliminates solid wastes
Digestive
produces, stores, eliminates urine; eliminates waste( nitrogenous waste like urea or uric acid) and regulate volume of chemical composition of blood. maintaining bodys water and salt (Electrolyte) balance, regulating acid base, balance of blood, helping regulate balance blood pressure
Urinary
Produce offspring
Reproduction
Provides protection and support allows body movements, produces blood cells and stores minerals and fat
Skeletal
External covering, provides protections, regulates temperature and prevents water loss and help produce vitamin D
Integumentary-
