Cells Flashcards
What does the cell membrane do?
It controls what goes in and out of the cell
What does the nucleus do?
It controls the cell and is where the DNA is
STRETCH: An organelle is a part of the cell. What organelles does a PLANT cell HAVE, BUT an ANIMAL cell does NOT HAVE?
cell wall, vacuole, chloroplasts
What part of a cell is where photosynthesis takes place?
Chloroplasts
What part of the cell is where all chemical reactions occur?
Cytoplasm
Where does protein synthesis occur?
Ribosomes
what is present in bacteria cells but not in animal cells?
cell wall
Which of the following cells have a lot of mitochondria?
Muscle cells
What is meant by ‘eukaryotic’ cell?
A cell with a nucleus
Bacteria are…
Prokaryotes
Which part of a plant cell is filled with sap and helps to keep the cell turgid?
Vacuole
What name is given to the short loops of DNA found only in bacterial cells?
Plasmid
Some bacteria have a thread like structure that can be used to help them move from place to place. What is the scientific name of this structure?
Flagellum
Are bacterial cells eukaryotic, prokaryotic, or both?
Prokaryotic
What do lymphocytes do?
Produce antibodies complementary to the antigen of the bacteria and produce a memory lymphocytes in case future infections occur so it can rapidly produce antibodies
What do phagocytes do?
Engulf the pathogens
What is a phenotype
Observable characteristics
What is a genotype
Alleles that code for characteristics
Human genome project
Sequences of base sequences of genome AGCT
Stem cells
Undifferentiated/ unspecialised cells
What are the stages of drug trials?
(pre clinical trials)
-Tested on cells/tissues
-if the drug passes the test it is tested on animals to see any side affects
(Clinical trialsj
-if the drug passes you use (human clinical trials) you test on healthy volunteers in small dosages to see if it’s safe
-test on patients to see if it works and to get the right dosage
-test on large number of patients(double blind trials)
