Cells

Question 1

virus sizes
vc bacteria

Answer 1

15-200 nm
50 times smaller

Question 2

virus
shape
((( viruses coulde couse cancer

Answer 2

Icosa’hedal
Filamentous
Head-Tail

Question 3

barteria lack centriol
so during division the DNA binds to the —-

Answer 3

plasma membrane

Question 4

Process where the bacteria shrinks duet to unfavorable conditions

Answer 4

Spore formation

Question 5

Cyanobacteria
names
contains
types in a cell (2

Answer 5

blue-green algae
plankton
1. pigments
2. enzyme
1) mitochondria
2) chloroplasts

Question 6

one lens microscope
270 time bigger

Answer 6

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
dutch

Question 7

Cell membrane
thickness

Answer 7

10nm

Question 8

Cholesterol in the cell membrane
%content
sterol?

Answer 8

25-30%
steroid+alcohol

Question 9

Ribosomes
size
+locations
number
((( the most ancient organelles

Answer 9

20-30 nm
+cytoplasm * EPR
+mitochondria
+plastids
10 mil

Question 10

microfilaments
nm
properties 4

Answer 10

6-8nm
1) support microvilli
cell movement
2) divide the cell cytoplasm
3) actin in muscles
4) exo-endocytosis

Question 11

intermediae filaments
nm
properties

Answer 11

10-12nm
1. cellular shapes
a) different protein (keratins )
b) some help stabilize the nerve axons
2. cell-cell connection

Question 12

microtubules
nm
properties
*create

Answer 12

20nm+
major of cytoskeleton
major division
dynein (- center) and kinesin (+surface) ->
via flagella or cilia
* 9-> centrioles

Question 13

EPR
volume
FOLDES
name
width

Answer 13

10%
///
cistenae
50-80 nm (thiner than plasma membrane)

Question 14

Lysosomes
size
contains
properties

Answer 14

0.1-0.8 μm
60 types of enzymes
1. autophagy: digestion
2. autolysis/autoptosis: killing the cell totally
3. modification EX; packaging of thyroid secretion

Question 15

Peroxisomes
size
contain
properties

Answer 15

~0,5 µm
enzymes
1. help degrade toxins like H2O2, ethanol
2. digestion of fats

Question 16

Vacuoles
contain
Plants//Animals
((( fungi

Answer 16

water
one big - 30-90% volume
(turgor) internal pressure
several small

Question 17

What differentiate the chloroplast from the mitochondria?

Answer 17

the chloroplast has a mid membrane (grana /pl. granum)

Question 18

Mitochondria
size
age
consist

Answer 18

2-10 µm
10-20 days
outer and inner membrane
cristae; involved in metabolism
matrix; DNA ring/ ribosome/ enzymes

Question 19

Chloroplasts
size
consist

Answer 19

1-10µm
1) stroma
2) grana
3) thylakoid

Question 20

Nucleus
size
volume of the cell
consist

Answer 20

11-22 µm
10%
1) nuclear envelope 2
2) chromatin
3) nucleolus

Question 21

Nucleoulus
combinde

Answer 21

1) rich in rRNA (ribosom combined there)
2) poor in DNA

Question 22

Centromer
consist

Answer 22

DNA and protein

Question 23

Nucleosome
consist

Answer 23

DNA wreabed around a histone

Question 24

Chromosome
end part name
length and DNA

Answer 24

telomeres / satellite
3-8µm / 1,7-8,5cm

Question 25

names of centromeres
in the middle
upper
upper
on top
EX; numbers

Answer 25

meta’centric
1, 3, 16, 19, 20
sub’meta’centric
2, 4, 12, 17, 18, X
acro’centric
13, 14, 15, 21, 22, Y
telo’centric