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Intergrated science > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cells

A

The basic unit of living things

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2
Q

2 examples of unicellular organisms & multicellular organisms

A

unicellular: amoeba & bacteria
multicellular: animals and plants

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3
Q

the human body is made of _______ cells

A

100 trillion

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4
Q

Different types of cells in the human body have different __________

A

sizes, shapes and functions

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5
Q

what makes a leaf green?

A

chloroplasts

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6
Q

which type of cells have no nucleus or chromosomes

A

red blood cells

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7
Q

Cell membrane function

A

Controls the movement of substances in & out of the cell

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8
Q

Nucleus function

A

contains genetic materials which control the activities of the cell

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9
Q

Cytoplasm function

A

the medium where chemical reactions take place

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10
Q

cell wall function

A

protects, supports and gives shape to a plant cell

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11
Q

vacuole function

A

Contains mainly water and stores dissolved minerals

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12
Q

chloroplast function

A

Site where photosynthesis takes place in order to make food

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13
Q

Which 3 structures only appear in plant cells

A

cell wall, vacuole, chloroplast

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14
Q

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

A

determines what features we receive from our parents; contains all instructions needed for the cells to carry out activities so that our bodies can function, grow and reproduce

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15
Q

Every cell contains __ pairs of chromosomes (22 pair of ______, 1 pair of _______)

A

23, autosomes, sex chromosome

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15
Q

chromosomes: ?
DNA: ?

A

-> chromosomes: thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins
-> DNA coils up and wraps around the proteins

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16
Q

Sex chromosomes of male & female

A

Female: XX
Male: XY

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17
Q

Chromosomal disorder

A

A baby born with additional or missing chromosomes

18
Q

Cells can undergo _______ to form new cells

A

cell division

19
Q

During cell division, the cell divides into two ___________

A

daughter cells

20
Q

Living things can grow by increasing the ___________ of cells by cell division

A

size and number

21
Q

Cells become _________ to perform a particular _________

A

specialized, function

22
Q

list two functions of cells

A

movement, carrying oxygen

23
Q

stem cells __________ into different types of cells

A

differentiate

24
Q

_____________ determines become [ ] cell

A

DNA & genetic information

25
Q

There is a variety of _________ of cells —> closely related to its ________

A

shapes and sizes, function

26
Q

cell differentiation

A

The process of cells becoming specialized

27
Q

nerve cells

A

long & have many branches
carry messages throughout the body

28
Q

skin cells

A

flat & close together
protective layer for the body

29
Q

fat cells

A

store so much fat that the nucleus is pushed to the cell membrane
large store of fat helps the body keep warm

30
Q

leaf cells

A

contain many chloroplasts for the plant to carry out photosynthesis

31
Q

transporting cells

a plant cell

A

long & tube shaped
transport water, nutrients and minerals throughout the plant

32
Q

root hair cells

A type of plant cell

A

increase the surface area of the root in contact with the soil, so that more water and minerals can be absorbed

33
Q

Multicellular organisms are _________

A

highly organized

34
Q

Different types of __________ must perform their ____________ and work together at the same time

A

specialized cells, individual functions

35
Q

Organ

A

a group of different tissues

36
Q

a group of similar cells

A

tissue

37
Q

functions of muscle tissue, nerve tissue, and bone tissue

A

muscle tissue: for movement
nerve tissue: for carrying messages in the body
bone tissue: for support

37
Q

System

A

a group of organs that work together

38
Q

functions of vascular tissue and epidermal tissue

A

Vascular tissue: for transporting water, nutrients, minerals
epidermal tissue: for protection

39
Q

List two plant tissue

A

vascular tissue, epidermal tissue

40
Q

four organs of plants

A

flower, leaf, stem, root

41
Q

Systems in a human body

A

digestive system
Breathing system
Reproductive system
Nervous system
Circulatory system

Intergrated science (4 decks)

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