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Human Biology 1 > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

Function of flagella in human body

A

Movement of sperm

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2
Q

Nonmembrane bounded structure in cytoplasm

A

Proteasomes

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3
Q

Organelles present in cells that produce and secrete hormones

A

Golgi apparatus,rough ER

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4
Q

A process not limited by low ATP levels

A

Osmosis

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5
Q

Site of storage of calcium in muscle cells

A

Smooth ER

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6
Q

Which organelle is present in cells that produce a large amount of energy

A

Smooth er

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7
Q

Structures involved in production of histones

A

Free ribosomes

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8
Q

Structures that increase surface area in small intestine

A

Microvilli

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9
Q

Function of mRNA

A

Acts as a template for the protein synthesis that takes place on ribosomes

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10
Q

If cells placed in hypotonic solution (more water than solute )

A

Cells swell and burst

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11
Q

What happens if amount of cholesterol in plasma membrane increases

A

Becomes more stiff and rigid but less permeable

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12
Q

Function of cillia

A

Propels substances

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13
Q

Which cell speacializations are Leak proof

A

Tight junctions

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14
Q

How is oxygen transported to cells

A

By passive diffusion

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15
Q

What forms part of the subunits for the protein synthesizing organelle

A

Ribosomal RNA

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16
Q

A molecule that binds to a specific codon and specific amino acid simultaneously

A

Transfer RNA

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17
Q

Function of synthetase enzymes

A

Attaches correct amino acid to its transfer rna

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18
Q

What provides the energy needed for synthesis reactions

A

ATP

19
Q

mRNA

A

Produced in the nucleus,specifies the exact sequence of amino acids of the protein to be made

20
Q

Location of ribosomal RNA

A

Attached to ER or scattered in cytoplasm

21
Q

Telophase

A

Choromosomes uncoil to form chromatin

22
Q

Anaphase

A

Chromosomal centromeres split and chromosomals migrate to opposite ends of the cell

23
Q

When do nuclear membrane and nucleolus disintegrate l

A

Late prophase

24
Q

When do chromosomes align on spindle equator

A

Metaphase

25
Q

When do centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell

A

Early prophase

26
Q

Smooth ER

A

Plays a role in steroid production

27
Q

The organ that facilitates formation of peptide bonds

A

Ribosomes

28
Q

Microtubules

A

Plays a role in forming spindle fibers for cell division, organize, move organelles, give shape to the cell

29
Q

Synthesis site for ribosomal RNA

A

Nucleoli

30
Q

Location of genetic material of cell

A

Nucleus

31
Q

Prevents molecules from passing the extra cellular space

A

Tight junctions

32
Q

Desmosomes

A

Type of anchoring junction

33
Q

Allows ions and small molecules to pass through

A

Gap junction

34
Q

Present in electrically excitable tissue

A

Gap junctions

35
Q

Where are desmosemes present

A

Tissues subjected to great mechanical stress

36
Q

Result of mitosis

A

Daughter cells with identical genetic material as parent

37
Q

Apoptosis

A

Programmed cell suicide. (Cancer cells do not undergo this

38
Q

Introns

A

Represent a genome scrap yard that provides DNA segments for genome evolution

39
Q

When do enzymes needed for cell division synthesize

A

During G2 phase

40
Q

Where are lipid rafts found

A

Cell outer membrane surface

41
Q

What are microfilaments composed of

A

Actin subunits

42
Q

Components of extracrllular fluid

A

Blood plasma,interstitial fluid,transcellular fluid

43
Q

What does the speed of diffusion of particles depend on

A

Temperature and particle size, not concentration

44
Q

What does concentration difference cause

A

Ionic imbalance and hence cell membrane polarization and active transport processes

Human Biology 1 (3 decks)

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