Cells Flashcards
Another name for cell membrane,
Plasma membrane
The structures in a cell are called ______________. Where are they found?
Cell organelles. The cytoplasm.
What is protoplasm?
The cytoplasm and the nucleus.
State the parts of an animal cell and their functions, if necessary.
Nucleus - controls the cell’s activities
Plasma membrane - controls what goes into and out of the cell
Cytoplasm - hold all the cell organelles together and is the site of many chemical reactions
Vacuole - contains cell secretion, waste products, water and food
Mitochondrion - contains respiratory enzymes and where respiration occurs
Glycogen granules - stores food
What does the nucleus contain?
Nucleolus, nuclear membrane, nucleoplasm and the chromatin thread.
State the parts of a plant cell and their functions, if necessary.
Nucleus - controls the cell’s activities
Plasma membrane - controls what goes into and out of the cell
Cell wall - gives the cell shape and prevents it from bursting
Cytoplasm - hold all the cell organelles together and is the site of many chemical reactions
Vacuole - supports the cell when it’s turgid and contains cell sap
Mitochondrion - contains respiratory enzymes and where respiration occurs
Starch grains - stores food
Chloroplast - contains chlorophyll and where photosynthesis takes place
State the function of chromatin thread.
Contain genetic information and control the characteristics and functioning of the cell.
List the five (5) differences between plant and animal cell.
A plant cell contains a cell wall that’s made out of cellulose while the animal cell doesn’t
A plant cell has chloroplast which contains chlorophyll while the animal cell doesn’t
A plant cell contains starch grains while the animal cell contains glycogen granules
A plant cell has one central vacuole that contains cell sap while the animal cell cell has many small vacuoles scattered throughout the cytoplasm
A plant cell has a regular rectangular shape while the animal cell can have a variety of shapes
State the cell organelles in a protoctista cell and their functions.
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Pseudopodium - extension of the cytoplasm and cell membrane and used for movement and to engulf food
Contractile vacuole - contain water because it collects and removes excess water from the cytoplasm
Food vacuole - where digestion occurs and contains ingested microscopic organisms
State the cell organelles in a bacterium cell and their functions.
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Capsule - protects the cell
Flagellum - aids in movement
Plasmid - small circular pieces of DNA
Nucleoid - a long, coiled loop of DNA which controls all cellular activities
What is cell specialization and why is it important? Give an example
When the cells of a multicellular organism differentiate to perform specific tasks, this is important because without it organisms wouldn’t be able to carry out the essential processes and characteristics of life.
What is tissue?
A group of specialized cells working together.
What are the three (3) process which substances can move into and out of a cell?
Diffusion, osmosis and active transport.
