Cells Flashcards
What are the seven characteristics of living things
(SCREWNS / SCREW N)Respond to stimuli, made of cells, reproduce, use energy, produce waste, take a nutrients, grow in size
What is cell theory (3)
All living things are made out of one or more cells
all new cells come from pre-existing cells
the cell is the basic unit of life
What are some differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (3)
Eucaryotic cells are larger about 10 times as large
eucaryotic cells are more complex (have more organelles)
Eucaryotic cells have nucleus
What are viruses
Contains a strand of genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein layer coat
Can infect and reproduce in a host cell
Cannot take a nutrients, use energy, produce waste, reproduce on their own
They need to be inside a cell of another organism to reproduce
viruses are in active before they enter a house and can stay in active for hours days or months
What is a virus’ lifecycle (5 points)
Attaches to specific host cell
Hereditary material enters a host cell
hereditary material causes a cell to make viral hereditary material and protein
New viruses form inside the host cell
new viruses are released as the wholesale burst open and is destroyed
What are some examples of prokaryotic cells
Bacteria
What are some eucaryotic cells
Plant cells, animal cells
What are some organelles unique to plant cells
Cell wall, chloroplasts
What Organelles are unique to animal cells
Flagellum and Celia
What is a cell membrane
Protects the cell and controls the movement of things in and out of the cell
What is the cytoplasm
Jelly like fluid in which internal organs float
What is the nucleus
The control centre of the cell, controls all activity within the cell
What is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Makes and folds protein.
What are ribosomes
Proteins are assembled, some exist in the cytoplasm while others are attached to the ER
What is the Golgi apparatus
Modifies, prepares, and packages proteins in the vesicles
What are vacuoles
Balloon like space in the cytoplasm that stores waste and substances not in use right away
What are vesicles
Small sacs that transports materials to enter and leave the cell
What is the mitochondria
The powerhouse of the cell, Releases energy from food to power to the cell
What is the lysosome
Constraints enzymes, stores and provides nutrients, Digest worn out cells
What is the cell wall
The cell wall is thick, tough, and provides protection and structure
What is chloroplast
Constraints of chemical called chlorophyll, plants make their own food(sugar), through photosynthesis
What is the flagellum
Hair like tail that helps the cell move
What is the Cilia
Multiple tiny flagellum’s that work together for movement
