cells Flashcards
who invented the microscope and what year
robert hooke 1665
why isi t that’s light microscopes are limited to what they allow us to see
due to the wavelength of the light
electron beams have …….. wavelength than beams of light so allow more detail
a much shorter t
what are the structures that can be seen with a light microscope
dnA , plasma membrane, ribosomes and cytoplasm
what do eukaryotic cells contain
organelles
what are organelles
structures in cells with specialised functions
what is the function of the plasma membrane
- it protects the cell from its surroundings
- regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell
what does the rER (rough endoplasmic reticulum do )
proteins are made here
structure of rough endoplasmic reticulum
a series of single flattened sacs which is enclosed by the membrane
has ribosomes on the surface
structure of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
series of single tubular sacs made of membrane
function of sER
lipids are made here
what does sER mean
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
what does rER stand for
rough endoplasmic reticulum
what is the function of the nucleolus
makes ribosomes and is the region of dense dna and protein
what is a vesicle
a small membrane bound sac
function of a vesicle
it transports and stores substances in the cell
nucleus
is surrounded by a double membrane (an envelope) and has pores(holes) in the nuclear envelope
the function of the centrioles
makes the spindle in cell division
structure of the centrioles
2 hollow cylinders that are arranged at right angles to each other
what is the function of lysosomes
destroys old organelles and pathogens
structure of lysosome
enclosed by a single membrane
containing digestive enzymes
function of golgi apparatus
modifies proteins and packages them in vesicles for transport
structures of golgi apparatus
series of single curved sacs enclosed by a membrane
many vesicles cluster around the golgi apparatus
eukaryotic 80s ribosomes
site of protein synthesis
structure of the mitochondria
surrounded by a double membrane the inner membrane is folded into a finger like projections called cristae
what does mitochondrion contain
70s robisomes, dna
function of mitochondrion
site of respiration
function of cytoplasm
site of many metabolic processes
structure of cytoplasm
fluid that fills a cell, many molecules are dissolved in solution
