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Chapter 10 > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

1
Q

The 3 main parts of all human cells

A

Cytoplasmic membrane (plasma membrane), cytoplasm, and nucleus

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2
Q

Encloses the cytoplasm and forms the outer boundary of the cell

A

Cytoplasmic membrane

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3
Q

Forms a fluid framework for the cytoplasmic membrane

A

Phospholipids (phosphate containing fat molecules)

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4
Q

Outside of cells

A

Extracellular

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5
Q

Between cells

A

Intercellular

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6
Q

Substances inside the cytoplasmic membrane

A

Intracellular

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7
Q

Functions of the cytoplasmic membrane

A

To enclose and support the cell contents / regulate what moves in and out of the cell

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8
Q

Central layer of the cytoplasmic membrane

A

Lipid bilayer

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9
Q

Lipid bilayer

A

Layer composed of a double layer of lipid molecules

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10
Q

Protein molecules function as

A

Membrane channels, carrier molecules, receptor molecules, enzymes, or structural support in the membrane

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11
Q

Cytoplasm lies between

A

Between the cytoplasmic membrane and the nucleus

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12
Q

A round or spherical structure in the center of cell

A

Nucleus

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13
Q

Special structure in the cytoplasm that performs important functions to cells survival

A

Organelles

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14
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum is

A

A chain of connecting sacs or canals that winds thru the cytoplasm of the cell

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15
Q

Serves as a tiny circulatory system for the cell

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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16
Q

Two types of endoplasmic reticulum

A

Smooth and rough

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17
Q

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is found

A

In cells that handle or produce fatty substances

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18
Q

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is found

A

In cells that produce proteins to be secreted for use outside the cell

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19
Q

“Factories” in the cells where protein is synthesized

A

Ribosomes

20
Q

Concentrates and packages materials

A

Golgi apparatus

21
Q

Organelle that consists of tiny sacs composed of smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

Golgi apparatus

22
Q

An organelle that sometimes chemically modifies proteins

A

Golgi apparatus

23
Q

Lysosomes

A

Membranous walled organelles that contain enzymes that enable them to function as intracellular digestive systems

24
Q

Leukocytes

A

White blood cells

25
Q

A process where lysosomes digest organelles of cells that are no longer functional

A

Autophagia

26
Q

“Power plants” of the cell

A

Mitochondria

27
Q

Serves as the site of aerobic oxidation

A

Mitochondria

28
Q

Bonds that are the energy source for the muscles, nerves, and overall function of the body

A

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bonds

29
Q

Paired, rod shaped organelles

A

Centrioles

30
Q

Organelles that lie at right angles to each other in a specialized zone of the cytoplasm

A

Centrioles

31
Q

A specialized zone of the cytoplasm

A

Centrosome

32
Q

The genetic material of the cell is located?

A

In the nucleus

33
Q

Large, membrane bound organelle that controls all other organelles in the cytoplasm

A

Nucleus

34
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells

35
Q

Cells that lose their nucleus as they develop

A

Erythrocytes

36
Q

The genetic blueprint for the body’s RNA and protein

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

37
Q

Threadlike structures made up of proteins and DNA

A

Chromatin granules

38
Q

The basic functions of the nucleus

A

Cell division and control of genetic information

39
Q

Two main types of cells

A

Eukaryotes and prokaryotes

40
Q

“True nucleus”

A

Eukaryotes

41
Q

“Before nucleus”

A

Prokaryotes

42
Q

Red blood cell function

A

Transport respiratory gases around the body

43
Q

7 chief cellular functions

A
  1. Movement (muscle cells)
  2. Conductivity (nerve cells)
  3. Metabolic absorption (kidney and intestinal cells)
  4. Secretion (mucus gland cells)
  5. Excretion (all cells)
  6. Respiration (all cells)
  7. Reproduction (most cells)
44
Q

All human cells minus sex cells reproduce by

A

Mitosis

45
Q

Process where cells divide to multiply

A

Mitosis

Chapter 10 (13 decks)

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