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Anatomy And Physiology 1 > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

1
Q

Function of plasma membrane

A

Boundary of the cell. Involved in membrane transport

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2
Q

Structure of plasma membrane

A

Bilayer of phospholipids, glycolipids, and glycoproteins

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3
Q

Structure of microvilli

A

Numerous tiny folds containing microfilaments

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4
Q

Function of microvilli

A

Allow greater surface area for absorption

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5
Q

Structure of Cilia

A

Part of the plasma membrane; numerous short extensions containing microtubules.

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6
Q

Function of Cilia

A

Move substances such as mucus

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7
Q

Structure of Flagellum

A

Part of plasma membrane; long extension of sperm cell containing microtubules.

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8
Q

Function of flagellum

A

Moves sperm

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9
Q

Structure of nucleus

A

Large structure in middle of cell

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10
Q

Function of nucleus

A

Center of cellular control

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11
Q

Structure of nuclear envelope

A

Double membrane boundary of nucleus with pores; blends with rough RER

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12
Q

Function of nuclear envelope

A

Passageway between nucleus and cytoplasm

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13
Q

Structure of nucleolus

A

No membrane. Contains ribosomal RNA and protein. In center of nucleus

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14
Q

Function of nucleolus

A

Forms the ribosomes

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15
Q

Structure of chromatin

A

Strands of DNA and protein; looks like squiggly lines INSIDE of nucleus

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16
Q

Function of chromatin

A

DNA Represents genetic control for protein synthesis

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17
Q

Structure of Cytoplasm

A

Contents between plasma membrane and nucleus containing cytosol fluid and organelles

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18
Q

Function of cytoplasm

A

Location of numerous cellular processes

19
Q

Structure of membrane bound organelles

A

Organelles possessing a membrane covering

20
Q

Function of membrane-bound organelle

A

Various functions depending on organelle

21
Q

Structure of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)

A

Extensive membrane network with attached ribosomes

22
Q

Function of RER

A

Site of protein synthesis with ribosomes; cellular transport

23
Q

Structure of smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

Extensive membrane network lacking ribosomes

24
Q

Function of SER

A

Site of lipid synthesis; cellular transport

25
Q

Structure of mitochondria

A

Possess double membrane with folded inner membrane. (Look like beans)

26
Q

Function of mitochondria

A

Referred to as powerhouse of cell because they contain the most energy. Synthesis of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

27
Q

Structure of Golgi apparatus (complex)

A

Often near nucleus; series of bunches up flattened sacs

28
Q

Function of Golgi apparatus

A

Packaging site of glycoproteins for transport and secretion

29
Q

Structure of vesicles

A

Membranous sacs containing various substances

30
Q

Function of vesicles

A

Store or transport cellular substances

31
Q

Structure of lysosomes

A

Sacs containing digestive (eating) enzymes

32
Q

Function of lysosome

A

Sites that destroy (eat) cellular debris and worn-out organelles.

33
Q

Structure of peroxisomes

A

Small sacs containing oxidative enzymes; abundant in liver and kidney cells. Smaller than lysosome

34
Q

Function of peroxisomes

A

Detoxify harmful cellular substances

35
Q

Structure of ribosomes

A

Contain ribosomal RNA and protein; attached to rough ER or free roaming in cytoplasm

36
Q

Function of ribosomes

A

Sites of protein synthesis

37
Q

Structure of Centrosome

A

Area near nucleus containing a pair of centrioles

38
Q

Function of centrosome

A

Formation center to produce microtubules and spindle fibers for cell division

39
Q

Structure of Cytoskeleton: Microtubules

A

Hollow cylinders of proteins in cilia, flagella, and centrioles

40
Q

Function of cytoskeleton microtubules

A

Involved with support and movement within cell

41
Q

Structure of Cytoskeleton: Intermediate filaments

A

Various protein fibers

42
Q

Function of Cytoskeleton: Intermediate Filaments

A

Provides support and shape for cell

43
Q

Structure of Cytoskeleton: microfilaments

A

Fine threads of a protein

44
Q

Function of Cytoskeleton: microfilaments

A

Aids in maintenance and changing of cell shape; aids in muscle contractions.

Anatomy And Physiology 1 (6 decks)

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