cell transport Flashcards
What is permeable
Allows all substances in and out
What is semi permeable
Allows some substances in and out
What is impermeable
Does not allow substances to move through it
What are the two types of movement
Active transport
Diffusion
What is active transport
The movement of molecules from areas of low concentration to areas of higher concentration active transport requires energy
Why does active transport use energy
Uses energy to take chemicals into a cell against the concentration gradient
Examples of active transport
Cells taking up glucose
Plants taking up minerals from the soil
What is diffusion
The movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration
Diffusion is a passive process
What is an example of diffusion
Diffusion of gases in leaves/ animal cells
What is osmosis
The movement of water from an area of height water concentration to an area of lower water concentration across a semi permeable membrane
What is isotonic
Means two solutions have the same solute concentration
What would happen is a cell is placed in an isotonic solution
If an animal cell is surrounded by an isotonic solution water will move in and out at the same rate and the cell will remain intact
What is osmoregulation
When our kidneys make sure the fluid in our bodies that surrounds our cells has a stable concentration
What is hypotonic
Means a solution has a lower solute concentration than another solution
What would happen is an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution
Water will move into the cell and may cause it to burst (lysis)
What is an amoeba
A single celled organism that lives in freshwater pools and ponds
How does amoeba control osmosis
Has a contractile vacuole
What is hypertonic
Means a solution has a higher solute concentration than another solution
What would happen if an animal cell was in a hypertonic solution
Water will move out of the cell and may cause it to shrivel up and die (crenate)
How do roots absorb water
If the plant cell is surrounded by a less concentrated solution then water will move into the cytoplasm and vacuole of the plant cells
What is turgor or turgor pressure
Is the pressure of the cytoplasm and vacuole against the cell wall of a plant
What would happen to plants without turgor pressure
They would wilt
What is plasmolysis
Is the loss of water from the cytoplasm and the movement of the membrane away from the cell wall
