cell structure Flashcards
name the microscope we use in the lab
compond microscope
what are the two magnifiying lens called
eye peice lens and objective lens
name the parts of the microscope
eyepiece,
objective lens,
stage,
iris diaphram,
condenser,
light source,
fine focus knob,
coarse focus knob
how do you find the magnification
magnifying power of eyepeice multiplied by the magnifying power of the objective lens
what is an electron microscope
a microscope that uses electrons instead of light because electrons have a lower wavelength than light
advantages of an electron microscope
the resolution is much better
the magnification is greater
what are cells
the basic units of structure and function in an organism
what are internal structures in a cell called
organelles
draw a basic animal cell
should include
nucleus
cytoplasm
cell membrane
protoplasm
another name for the cell membrane
plasma membrane
what is the protoplasm
all the living parts of a cell
what is the cell membrane
surrounds the cell allows substances in and out
what is the nucleus
holds dna and is the control centre
what does cytopalsm do
where reactions happen
draw a plant cell under the light microscope
must include
nucleus
cell membrane
cell wall
vacuole
cytoplasme
chloroplast
what is the cell wall made of
cellulose
what does the cell wall do
gives the cell strength
what does the vacuole do and what is it made of
contain a fluid called cell sap they are used to give the cell strength, shape and also store materials
what does chloroplasts do
where photosynthesis takes place
what is ultra structure
the fine detail of a cell seen with an electron microscope
draw the ultrastructure of an animal cell
must include
ribosomes
cytoplasm
plasma membrane
mitchondrion
chromatin
nuclear membrane
nuclear pores
draw the ultrastructure of a plant cell
must include
cell wall
mitochondrion
plasma membrane
vacuole
ribosomes
chloroplast
cytoplasm
nuclear membrane
chromatin
nuclear pore
draw a phospholipid bilayer
must include
phosphate head
lipid tail
protein
pore
what are cell membranes composed of
phospholipids and proteins
what are phospholipids made off
phospate head
lipid tail
how are phospholipids arranged
into double layers (bilayers)
what are the functions of a cell membrane (3)
- retains the cells contents
- controls what enters and leaves the cell (selectively permeable)
- they give support to the cell
draw the nucleus
must include
nuclear pore
nucleolus
chromatin
double nuclear membrane
what are the functions of the nucleus (2)
the control centre of the cell
contains the cells genetic information
what does the double membrane do
controls the movement of substances
what does the nucleolus contain
RNA, DNA and proteins
where are ribosomes made
nucleolus but function when released into cytoplasm
what is chromatin composed of
dna and protein
draw a mitochondia
must include
outer membrane
inner membrane
foldings
if it is active or inactive
what does a mitochondria do
supply energy to the cell in a procss known as respiration
what two organelles have dna besides the nucleus
mitocondria
chloroplast
draw a chloroplast
must include
grana
thylakoid
stroma
DNA
inner membrane
outer membrane
starch grain
what is the purpose of the chloroplast
where photosynthesis takes place
what does the thylakoid contain
chlorophyll
what are ribosomes made of
protein and RNA
what are ribosomes functions
to make protein
what is prokaryotic
organisms whose cells dont have a nucleus or membrane enclosed organelles
what is eukaryotes
organisms whose cells do have a nucleus and membrane enclosed organism
